In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Spices and Medicinal Herbs against Selected Microbes Associated with Juices

Table 2

Antimicrobial activity of plant extracts in different solvents.

Plant	Solvent	Diameter of inhibition zone			Percentage mycelia inhibition
		B. cereus	Serratia sp.	R. mucilaginosa	A. flavus	P. citrinum
Centella asiatica	Acetone	23.3  ±  1.52	—	—	—	—
	Methanol	27.3  ±  0.57	15.3  ±  0.57	18.3  ±  0.57	24.6  ±  0.57	23.3  ±  1.52
	Ethanol	29.3  ±  0.57	12.3  ±  1.52	20.6  ±  0.57	26.3  ±  1.52	24.3  ±  0.57
	Cold aqueous	—	—	—	—	—
	Hot aqueous	—	—	—	—	—
Curcuma longa	Acetone	22.3  ±  1.52	13.3  ±  1.52	—	—	—
	Methanol	20.3  ±  1.52	—	—	—	—
	Ethanol	17.3  ±  1.52	—	—	—	—
	Cold aqueous	—	—	—	—	—
	Hot aqueous	—	—	—	—	—
Emblica officinalis	Acetone	22.3  ±  0.57	19.3  ±  0.57	18.6  ±  1.52	19.3  ±  1.52	20.6  ±  1.52
	Methanol	19.6  ±  1.52	14.3  ±  0.57	16.3  ±  0.57	17.6  ±  1.52	18.3  ±  0.57
	Ethanol	17.3  ±  0.57	15.3  ±  0.57	14.3  ±  0.57	12.6  ±  0.57	13.6  ±  0.57
	Cold aqueous	14.6  ±  0.57	—	—	—	—
	Hot aqueous	12.6  ±  0.57	—	—	—	—
Mentha arvensis	Acetone	26.3  ±  0.57	19.3  ±  1.52	—	22.3  ±  0.57	20.6  ±  0.57
	Methanol	23.3  ±  0.57	14.3  ±  0.57	—	17.6  ±  1.52	15.3  ±  1.52
	Ethanol	24.3  ±  0.57	16.6  ±  0.57	—	16.6  ±  1.52	14.3  ±  0.57
	Cold aqueous	19.3  ±  0.57	11.3  ±  0.57	—	—	—
	Hot aqueous	15.6  ±  1.52	—	—	—	—
Rauvolfia serpentina	Acetone	22.3  ±  0.57	21.3  ±  1.52	—	17.3  ±  1.52	19.3  ±  1.52
	Methanol	26.6  ±  0.57	18.6  ±  0.57	—	15.6  ±  1.52	12.6  ±  1.52
	Ethanol	25.6  ±  1.52	17.3  ±  0.57	—	—	—
	Cold aqueous	19.3  ±  0.57	14.6  ±  1.52	—	—	—
	Hot aqueous	17.6  ±  0.57	12.6  ±  0.57	—	—	—
Terminalia arjuna	Acetone	19.3  ±  0.57	18.6  ±  0.57	17.6  ±  0.57	20.6  ±  1.52	17.3  ±  0.57
	Methanol	24.6  ±  0.57	22.6  ±  0.57	19.3  ±  0.57	24.6  ±  0.57	21.3  ±  1.52
	Ethanol	21.3  ±  0.57	19.3  ±  0.57	16.6  ±  0.57	21.6  ±  1.52	15.6  ±  0.57
	Cold aqueous	15.6  ±  0.57	14.6  ±  0.57	13.3  ±  0.57	11.6  ±  1.52	10.3  ±  0.57
	Hot aqueous	12.3  ±  0.57	—	—	—
Withania somnifera	Acetone	20.3  ±  0.57	18.6  ±  0.57	—	18.3  ±  0.57	19.6  ±  1.52
	Methanol	15.6  ±  1.52	13.3  ±  0.57	—	20.6  ±  0.57	22.3  ±  0.57
	Ethanol	14.3  ±  1.52	12.3  ±  1.52	—	22.6  ±  1.52	23.3  ±  0.57
	Cold aqueous	—	—	—	—	—
	Hot aqueous	—	—	—	—	—
Zingiber officinale	Acetone	23.3  ±  0.57	18.6  ±  0.57	—	—	—
	Methanol	21.3  ±  1.52	13.6  ±  0.57	—	—	—
	Ethanol	19.3  ±  0.57	11.3  ±  0.57	—	—	—
	Cold aqueous	17.6  ±  0.57	—	—	—	—
	Hot aqueous	12.3  ±  0.57	—	—	—	—
Sodium benzoate		20.6  ±  0.57	16.6  ±  0.57	14.6  ±  0.57	30.6  ±  0.57	26.3  ±  0.57

Values, including diameter of the well (8 mm), are means of three replicates. Standard deviation within five extracts and control of the same spice with three different microorganisms tested different letters are significantly  () different. —: no activity.