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| Study | Population (n) | Study type (data source) | AKI (WRF) definition | Incidence AKI (%) | Cardiac disease | Outcome |
|
| Newsome et al., 2008 [12] | n = 87,094
Mean Age 77 yrs
Male 50%
DM 28%–37% | Retrospective (CCP) | Variable | Any 43.2 ∆SCr Quartiles:
Q1: ∆0.1, 13.1;
Q2:∆0.2, 9.3;
Q3: ∆0.3–0.5, 12.3;
Q4: ∆0.6–3.0, 8.4 | AMI Prevalence:
Prior MI 31%–35%
Prior HF 21%–35% | All-cause (death (1000 p-y)/HR):
Q1 146/1.1; Q2 157/1.2;
Q3 194/1.3; Q4 275/1.4
ESKD (incidence (1000 p-y)/HR):
Q1 2.3/1.5; Q2 3.6/2.0;
Q3 6.3/2.4; Q4 20/3.3 |
| Parikh et al., 2008 [13] | n = 147,007
Age 76–78 yrs
Male 49%-50%
DM 29%–41% | Retrospective (CCP) | ∆SCr (μmol/L):
Mild (26.5–35.4);
Mod (44.2–88.4);
Severe (≥88.4) | Any 19.4, Mild 7.1, Mod 7.1, Severe 5.2 | AMI Prevalence:
Prior AMI 30%–36%
Prior HF 19%–35% | All-cause (10 yr) (death (crude%)/adj-HR):
None 68/1.00; Mild 79/1.15; Mod 88/1.23 Severe >90/1.33 |
| Goldberg et al., 2009 [21] | n = 1957
Age 59–70 yrs
Male 79.4%
DM 26.2% | Retrospective | ∆SCr (μmol/L):
Mild (26.5–44.2),
Mod-Severe (>44.2) | Mild 8.0 Mod-Severe 7.1 | Prior AMI 20.9% | Adj-HR mortality: Mild transient 1.2; Mild persistent 1.8; Mod-severe transient 1.7; Mod-severe persistent 2.4 |
| Mielniczuk et al., 2009 [22] | n = 3795 | Retrospective | SCr > 25% over 1-month | 5 | — | Adj-HR 1.6 (95% CI, 1.1–2.3) for composite CV death, recurrent ACS, HF or stroke |
| Anzai et al., 2010 [23] | n = 141
Age 63 yrs
Male 87%
DM 36% | Prospective | SCr > 26.5 μmol/L within 48 hrs | 22 | Anterior STEMI | Higher in-hospital death (P = .004) and major adverse cardiac events (P = .02) |
| Marenzi et al., 2010 [24] | n = 97
Age 63–69 yrs
Male 69%
DM 18.6% | Prospective | SCr > 25% | 55 | STEMI + IABP | In-hospital death (RR 12.3, 95% CI, 1.8–84.9, P < .001). AKI associated with age > 75 yrs, LVEF < 40%, mechanical ventilation. |
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