Relationship between Plasma Leptin Level and Chronic Kidney Disease

Table 1

Characteristics of the study population (𝑛=5820).

Characteristics	Mean or percentage ± standard error
Age, years	43.1±0.5
Women, %	53.6±0.9
Race-ethnicity, %
Non-Hispanic whites	77.1±1.5
Non-Hispanic blacks	10.3±0.7
Mexican Americans	5.1±0.5
Other	7.6±1.0
Education categories, %
Less than high school	21.5±1.1
High school	34.3±1.1
More than high school	44.2±1.5
Smoking, %
Never	48.3±1.0
Former	25.0±0.7
Current	26.7±1.0
Current alcohol drinker, %	56.1±1.7
Body mass index, kg/m^2	26.5±0.2
Diabetes mellitus, %	5.0±0.4
Hypertension, %	28.4±1.1
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	203.0±0.9
Glomerular filtration rate, mL/min/1.73 m^2	95.6±0.7
Chronic kidney disease, %*	3.6±0.3
Glucose, mg/dL	98.8±0.4
Insulin, uU/mL	10.4±0.2
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	120.8±0.5
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	73.8±0.2
C-reactive protein, mg/dL	0.38±0.01

∗Defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m².