Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract: A Genetic Disorder?

Table 1

Prevalence of CAKUT.

Type of malformation	Prevalence	References
Unilateral renal agenesis
Fetuses	0.008%	[8]
Newborns		[11]
Bilateral renal agenesis
Fetuses	0.013%	[8]
Newborns	1 in 30,000	[11]
Congenital hydronephrosis	1 in 1,000 live births	[12]
Renal hypodysplasia
Fetuses	0.027%	[8]
Newborns	1 in 400 live births	[8]
Horseshoe kidney	1 in 1,000 newborns	[13]
PUV
Fetuses	0.003%	[8]
VUR
Infants with hydronephrosis on; prenatal ultrasonography	3–19%	[14]
Well children	1–2%
Children with UTI	25–40%
Unilateral duplex ureter	1–8%	[15]