Associates of Cardiopulmonary Arrest in the Perihemodialytic Period
Table 1
Characteristics of the primary study cohort across cases and matched controlsa.
Variable
CPA patients (cases)
Non-CPA patients (controls)
4,614
Matching factors
Age (years)
Mean ± SD
65.7 ± 13.2
65.7 ± 13.1
Median [IQR]
66.3 [58.2, 75.5]
66.1 [58.0, 75.3]
(Min, max)
(24.7, 96.2)
(23.3, 95.5)
Male
463 (50.1%)
2309 (50.0%)
Race
White
556 (60.2%)
2780 (60.3%)
Black
320 (34.6%)
1595 (34.6%)
Other
48 (5.2%)
239 (5.2%)
Diabetes
661 (71.5)
3304 (71.6%)
Other variables
Weight (kg)
77.5 ± 23.1
79.0 ± 22.0
Body mass index (kg/m²)
<18.5
51 (5.8%)
141 (3.1%)
18.6–25
228 (25.9%)
1301 (28.9%)
25.1–29.9
318 (36.1%)
1750 (38.9%)
≥30
284 (32.2%)
1306 (29.0%)
Coronary artery disease
271 (29.3%)
1136 (24.6%)**
Heart failure
326 (35.3%)
1403 (30.4%)**
Vintageb (days)
1,088 ± 1,114
1,208 ± 1,205**
<120 days
207 (22.4%)
483 (10.5%)
20 days–<1 year
117 (12.7%)
715 (15.5%)
1 year–<3 years
215 (23.3%)
1440 (31.2%)
3 years–<5 years
165 (17.9%)
862 (18.7%)
5 years or more
193 (20.9%)
1029 (22.3%)
Missing
27 (2.9%)
85 (1.8%)
Access typec
Catheter
416 (46.2%)
1560 (34.8%)****
Fistula
319 (35.4%)
2010 (44.8%)
Graft
166 (18.4%)
919 (20.5%)
IDWG (kg)
3.0 ± 8.7
2.6 ± 4.9
Percent IDWG (%)
4.2 ± 10.5
3.5 ± 5.1**
Patients discharged from hospital within 30 days prior to CPA
54 (5.8%)
182 (3.9%)**
Treatment timed (minutes)
Prescribed time
226 ± 34
223 ± 37*
Delivered time
218 ± 46
219 ± 44
Patients with treatment time shortened > 10 minutes
179 (20.2%)
724 (16.1%)**
Dialysate sodium (mEq/L)
137.8 ± 2.5
137.8 ± 2.5
3,774
Dialysate calcium (mEq/L)
<2.3
214 (28.7%)
1057 (28.0%)
2.3–2.5
513 (68.9%)
2566 (68.0%)
>2.5
18 (2.4%)
151 (4.0%)
3,774
Dialysate potassium (mEq/L)
1
31 (4.2%)
126 (3.3%)
2
564 (75.7%)
2883 (76.4%)
>2
150 (20.1%)
765 (20.3%)
3,774
Dialysate buffere (mEq/L)
<41
92 (12.4%)
455 (12.1%)
41–45
602 (80.8%)
2999 (79.5%)
>45
51 (6.9%)
320 (8.5%)
3,774
Dialysate bicarbonate (mEq/L)
36.5 ± 1.9
36.4 ± 2.3
3,774
Dialysate acetate (mEq/L)
6.5 ± 2.0
6.6 ± 2.0
3,774
ESA dose per treatment (units)
11,233 ± 8,656
8,562 ± 7,994****
Number of treatments
10.0 ± 3.6
11.4 ± 2.7****
Number of missed treatments
1.47 ± 2.78
0.87 ± 2.08****
Number of missed treatments due to hospitalization
1.21 ± 2.69
0.63 ± 1.91****
Number of missed treatments due to unexcused absence
0.26 ± 0.87
0.24 ± 0.84
eKt/V
1.45 ± 0.45
1.49 ± 0.40**
Albumin (g/dL)
3.5 ± 0.5
3.7 ± 0.5****
Hemoglobin (g/dL)
10.8 ± 1.5
11.4 ± 1.3****
Phosphorus (mg/dL)
5.0 ± 1.7
5.2 ± 1.7***
Calcium (mg/dL)
8.9 ± 0.8
9.0 ± 0.8***
Potassium (mEq/L)
4.6 ± 0.8
4.7 ± 0.7****
Ferritin (ng/mL)
662 ± 531
676 ± 611
Bicarbonate (mEq/L)
24.1 ± 3.8
23.8 ± 3.5*
Creatinine (mg/dL)
6.5 ± 2.6
7.3 ± 2.8****
nPCR (g/kg/day)
0.86 ± 0.31
0.93 ± 0.29****
; ; ; ; based on two-sample Student’s -testing or chi-square testing as dictated by data type. Values reported as means ± SD or (%) as dictated by data type. Vintage defined as number of days from the date of first ever dialysis to the date of event (CPA). For controls, event date was assigned the same index date from the matched CPA case. Catheter compared to fistula/graft. Mean treatment time in the 30 days prior to CPA (excludes CPA treatment). Dialysate buffer = dialysate bicarbonate + dialysate acetate.
