Associates of Cardiopulmonary Arrest in the Perihemodialytic Period
Table 4
Characteristics of the secondary study cohort across cases and matched control-1s and control-2sa.
Variable
Patients with CPA in 2010
Patients without CPA who
survived 2010
died in 2010
(cases)
(control-1s)
(controls-2s)
1,798
1,778
Matching factors
Age (years)
Mean ± SD
66.1 ± 12.7
66.0 ± 12.5
66.2 ± 12.5
Median [IQR]
66.4 [58.5, 75.5]
66.2 [58.5, 75.4]
66.4 [58.5, 75.5]
(Min, max)
(27.4, 96.2)
(24.5, 94.1)
(24.5, 94.6)
Male
456 (50.7%)
912 (50.7%)
901 (50.7%)
Race
White
550 (61.2%)
1100 (61.2%)
1095 (61.6%)
Black
306 (34.0%)
612 (34.0%)
602 (33.9%)
Other
43 (4.8%)
86 (4.8%)
81 (4.6%)
Diabetes
649 (72.2%)
1298 (72.2%)
1284 (72.2%)
Other variables
Weight (kg)
78.8 ± 23.0
81.2 ± 22.4***
76.8 ± 23.0
Body mass index (kg/m²)
<18.5
47 (5.4%)
32 (1.8%)****
95 (5.5%)
18.6–25
240 (27.4%)
554 (31.4%)
461 (26.6%)
25.1–29.9
315 (36%)
763 (43.2%)
607 (35.0%)
≥30
273 (31.2%)
416 (23.6%)
570 (32.9%)
Coronary artery disease
268 (29.8%)
422 (23.5%)***
495 (27.8%)
Heart failure
317 (35.3%)
464 (25.8%)****
623 (35.0%)
Vintageb (days)
1097 ± 1121
1136 ± 1136
1249 ± 1299**
Access typec
Catheter
404 (46.1%)
513 (29.5%)****
40.7%*
Fistula
312 (35.6%)
872 (50.1%)
39.00%
Graft
161 (18.4%)
356 (20.5%)
20.30%
IDWG (kg)
2.5 ± 1.3
2.5 ± 1.1
2.5 ± 1.3
Percent IDWG (%)
3.2 ± 1.6
3.2 ± 1.3
3.3 ± 1.6*
Patients discharged from hospital within 30 days prior to CPA
54 (6.0%)
47 (2.6%)****
115 (6.5%)
Treatment timed (minutes)
Prescribed time
226 ± 34
222 ± 37**
224 ± 38
Delivered time
218 ± 44
219 ± 43
217 ± 44
Time shortened
12 ± 32
7 ± 24****
11 ± 30
Patients with treatment time shortened > 10 minutes
174 (20.2%)
242 (13.8%)****
338 (19.6%)
Dialysate sodium (mEq/L)
137.8 ± 2.5
137.8 ± 2.2
137.9 ± 2.9
1,477
1,480
Dialysate calcium (mEq/L)
<2.3
206 (28.4%)
408 (27.6%)
396 (26.8%)
2.3–2.5
501 (69.1%)
1022 (69.2%)
1015 (68.6%)
>2.5
18 (2.5%)
47 (3.2%)
69 (4.7%)
1,477
1,480
Dialysate potassium (mEq/L)
1
29 (4.0%)
38 (2.6%)
49 (3.3%)
2
550 (75.9%)
1148 (77.7%)
1103 (74.5%)
>2
146 (20.1%)
291 (19.7%)
328 (22.2%)
1,477
1,480
Dialysate buffere (mEq/L)
<41
88 (12.1%)
174 (11.8%)
198 (13.4%)
41–45
587 (81.0%)
1204 (81.5%)
1174 (79.3%)
>45
50 (6.9%)
99 (6.7%)
108 (7.3%)
1,477
1,480
ESA dose per treatment (units)
9,313 ± 7,713
6,033 ± 6,374****
9,934 ± 8,630
Number of treatments
10.6 ± 3.9
12.3 ± 2.2****
11.0 ± 3.5**
Number of missed treatments
1.5 ± 2.8
0.56 ± 1.5****
1.5 ± 2.9
Number of missed treatments due to hospitalization
1.2 ± 2.7
0.37 ± 1.4****
1.1 ± 2.8
Number of missed treatments due to unexcused absence
0.25 ± 0.86
0.19 ± 0.65*
0.34 ± 0.99*
eKt/V
1.44 ± 0.3
1.49 ± 0.3**
1.46 ± 0.8
Albumin (g/dL)
3.5 ± 0.6
3.8 ± 0.4****
3.5 ± 0.5
Hemoglobin (g/dL)
10.8 ± 1.5
11.5 ± 1.2****
11.1 ± 1.5****
Phosphorus (mg/dL)
5.0 ± 1.7
5.2 ± 1.6**
5.15 ± 1.8
Calcium (mg/dL)
8.9 ± 0.8
9.0 ± 0.7****
8.8 ± 0.8
Potassium (mEq/L)
4.6 ± 0.8
4.8 ± 0.7****
4.7 ± 0.8***
Ferritin (ng/mL)
660 ± 533
662 ± 423
729 ± 803*
Bicarbonate (mEq/L)
24.1 ± 3.8
23.8 ± 3.4*
23.9 ± 3.6
Creatinine (mg/dL)
6.5 ± 2.6
7.7 ± 2.8****
6.8 ± 2.6**
nPCR (g/kg/day)
0.86 ± 0.30
0.96 ± 0.28****
0.89 ± 0.52
; ; ; ; based on two-sample Student’s -testing or chi-square testing as dictated by data type. Values reported as means ± SD or (%) as dictated by data type. Vintage defined as number of days from the date of first ever dialysis to the date of event (CPA). For controls, event date was assigned the same index date from the matched CPA case. Catheter compared to fistula/graft. Mean treatment time in the 30 days prior to CPA (excludes CPA treatment). Dialysate buffer = dialysate bicarbonate + dialysate acetate.
