Proteasome Activators, PA28α and PA28β, Govern Development of Microvascular Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy and Retinopathy

Figure 1

Pa28αβDKO/STZ mice provide higher survival rate and better renal filtration efficiency than wild type/STZ mice. (a) Survival rate of wild type and Pa28αβDKO mice following STZ injection. represents the number of animals in each experimental group. (b) Body-to-kidney weight ratio in wild type and Pa28αβDKO mice before and after STZ injection for four and six months. (c) Albumin-to-creatinine ratio in urine samples of wild type and Pa28αβDKO mice before and after four months of STZ injection. Results presented as mean ± SEM. , , and .

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