Focused Real-Time Ultrasonography for Nephrologists

Figure 5

Postrenal assessment: bladder. (a) To calculate bladder volume, the maximum anterior-posterior bladder diameter is measured on an axis perpendicular to that of the longitudinal measurements. Volume (mL) = length (cm) width (cm) height (cm) (0.52 to 0.57) for an ellipsoid (see Figure 4, probe position A). (b) shows a Foley bulb deployed in the pelvis of a patient with anuric renal failure. (c) shows a Foley bulb inflated in the prostate. (d) shows a Foley catheter positioned in a bladder filled with coagulated blood of an anuric patient. (e) Bladder is distended around the Foley bulb due to catheter obstruction. (f) Patient with ascites. Suprapubic view is sensitive for detecting pelvic fluid. It may be difficult to differentiate bladder fluid from ascites with ultrasound.

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