Clinical Utility of Urinary β2-Microglobulin in Detection of Early Nephropathy in African Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Table 4

Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models for factors predicting elevated β2m.

	Univariate		Multivariate
	Odds ratio (95% CI)	value	Odds ratio (95% CI)	value
Age (years)	1.01 (0.97–1.04)	0.75	0.99 (0.95–1.05)	0.89
Male gender	0.84 (0.38–1.86)	0.67	1.17 (0.36–3.79)	0.80
Positive hypertension status	1.3 (0.56–2.99)	0.54	0.60 (0.20–1.80)	0.36
Duration of DM	1.00 (0.99–1.01)	0.82	0.99 (0.98–1.03)	0.17
Waist circumference	1.00 (0.97–1.03)	0.97	0.98 (0.93–1.03)	0.39
BMI	1.06 (0.97–1.16)	0.19	1.23 (1.05–1.45)	0.01
Positive microalbuminuria	5.79 (2.30–14.59)	<0.001	3.94 (1.32–11.77)	0.01
eGFR	0.98 (0.97–0.99)	0.04	0.97 (0.94–0.99)	0.04
LDL-C	1.46 (1.08–1.99)	0.02	1.32 (0.71–2.43)	0.38
Total cholesterol/HDL	1.20 (1.03–1.41)	0.02	0.93 (0.71–1.24)	0.64
Triglycerides	1.93 (1.16–3.22)	0.01	1.85 (0.96–3.54)	0.06
HbA1c	1.18 (0.98–1.42)	0.07	1.09 (0.86–1.38)	0.47

The area under the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve of the model was 0.80. Statistically significant after adjusting for other variables.