Incidence and Risk Factors for Early Acute Kidney Injury in Nonsurgical Patients: A Cohort Study

Table 2

Risk factors associated with EAKI, bivariate analysis.

Variable	OR	95% CI	value
stages 1 and 2	0.93	[0.44–1.93]	0.824
stages 3, 4, and 5	4.00	[2.13–7.45]	<0.001
Prehospital treatment with nephrotoxic drugs	2.63	[1.38–5.25]	0.002
In-hospital treatment with nephrotoxic drugs	1.35	[0.39–7.31]	0.630
Contrast media	1.00	[0.47–2.00]	0.990
History of DM	2.06	[1.09–3.80]	0.013
History of AHT	1.82	[1.02–3.28]	0.030
History of cirrhosis	1.32	[0.13–6.84]	0.730
History of heart failure	1.37	[0.65–2.73]	0.350
History of rheumatologic disease	0.55	[0.14–1.64]	0.260
History of coronary heart disease	1.64	[0.68–3.65]	0.197
Nephrotic syndrome	5.39	[0.38–75.1]	0.062
Age	1.02	[1.00–1.03]	0.019
Hydration status	0.68	[0.34–1.30]	0.230
Sepsis	0.38	[0.76–1.37]	0.338
Venous thromboembolism at admission	2.57	[0.77–7.59]	0.057
Cardiovascular disease at admission	1.73	[0.87–3.33]	0.086
Chronic pulmonary and pleural disease at admission	0.55	[0.18–1.37]	0.185

using the chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation and classified based on NFK-KDOQI guidelines.