International Journal of Navigation and Observation 
Volume 2008 (2008), Article ID 863129, 7 pages
doi:10.1155/2008/863129
Research Article

Nonlinear Dynamics of Sea Clutter

Timothy R. Field and Simon Haykin

Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Mathematics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada

Received 26 February 2008; Revised 10 June 2008; Accepted 13 September 2008

Recommended by M. Greco

Abstract

We review experimental evidence for the nonlinearity of sea clutter and the role of the z-parameter or Mann-Whitney rank-sum statistic in quantifying this nonlinear behavior in the context of a hybrid AM/FM model for sea clutter, viewed as a cyclostationary process. An independent theoretical derivation of the stochastic dynamics of radar scattering in a sea clutter environment, in terms of a pair of coupled stochastic differential equations for the received envelope and radar cross-section (RCS), enables the identification of nonlinearity in terms of the shape parameter for the RCS. We are led to conclude that, from both experimental and theoretical points of view, the dynamics of sea clutter are nonlinear with a consistent degree of nonlinearity that is determined by the sea state.