Planktonic Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa around a Dual-Species Biofilm Supports the Growth of Fusobacterium nucleatum within That Biofilm

Figure 8

F. nucleatum and P. aeruginosa coaggregate within the dual-species biofilm. Biofilms of PAO1, VPI 4355, or both were inoculated into BHI broth containing cellulose disks as described in Figure 2. After 24 h, the disks were removed, rinsed, stained by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy. (a) PAO1 alone grown aerobically (red). (b) VPI 4355 alone grown anaerobically (green). (c) PAO1 in dual-species biofilm grown aerobically (red). (d) VPI 4355 in dual-species biofilm grown aerobically (green). (e) Coaggregation of PAO1 and VPI 4355 in dual-species biofilm grown aerobically is indicated by colocalization of red and green stains (yellow). Representative images are shown at 400x magnification.