Construction of Tungsten Halogen, Pulsed LED, and Combined Tungsten Halogen-LED Solar Simulators for Solar Cell 𝐼-𝑉 Characterization and Electrical Parameters Determination

Table 2

Spectral match of tungsten halogen solar simulator at three different supply voltages.

Wavelength range (nm)	Supply voltage at		Supply voltage at		Supply voltage at
	100% of rated voltage		120% of rated voltage		140% of rated voltage
	Spectral match	Class	Spectral match	Class	Spectral match	Class
400–500	0.40	C	0.49	C	0.55	C
500–600	0.84	A	0.95	A	1.04	A
600–700	1.21	A	1.25	A	1.28	B
700–800	1.05	A	1.04	A	1.00	A
800–900	0.94	A	0.88	A	0.82	A
900–1100	1.65	C	1.38	B	1.29	B
Classification	1,010 W·m^−2	C	1,009 W·m^−2	C	1,010 W·m^−2	C

Note: In the IEC 60904-9 Standards, six wavelength ranges are used to determine a spectral match with standard AM 1.5 G [9].