Effect of N,C-ITO on Composite N,C-TiO_𝟐/N,C-ITO/ITO Electrode Used for Photoelectrochemical Degradation of Aqueous Pollutant with Simultaneous Hydrogen Production

Table 1

Physical and microstructural properties of samples along with their H₂ yield rates in 4.0 N Na₂CO₃ solution under irradiation of AM 1.0 simulated solar light and 1.5 V applied bias.

Sample	Thickness of	XRD intensity ratio		RMS, nm	H2 yield rate,
	TiO2 : ITO, nm	(400)/(222)	(440)/(222)		μmol cm^−2 h^−1
N,C-ITO	— : 1.4	12.15	4.51	16.3	24.6
N,C-TiO2	2.1 : —	0.97	0.77	18.5	25.0
Ti/TO	0.4 : 1.4	38.53	5.93	33.6	28.8
ITO	— : 0.3	0.99	0.65	<2.0	—