Fabrication of Monolithic Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Using Ionic Liquid Electrolyte

Table 1

Impedance elements (resistance and constant-phase element) in monolithic- and sandwich-structured DSCs under photoirradiated open-circuit conditions.

DSC structure	Series resistance	Interface of electrolyte/counter electrode		Interface of TiO2/ dye/electrolyte		Electrolyte diffusion
	𝑅𝑠/Ω	𝑅𝑝/Ω	CPE/F	𝑅𝑝/Ω	CPE/F	𝑅𝑝/Ω	CPE/F
Monolithic	35.3	10.5	4.25 × 10^−6	33.8	2.13 × 10^−4	33.1	0.136
Sandwich	16.0	6.24	7.77 × 10^−6	15.2	3.29 × 10^−4	7.04	0.226