Optical and Electrical Properties of Thin Films of CuS Nanodisks Ensembles Annealed in a Vacuum and Their Photocatalytic Activity

Table 1

Physical parameters of the Cu_xS films reported in the literature.

GDM	𝐸𝑔 (eV)	𝐷 (nm)	Ts (°C)	Ta (°C)	𝑑 (nm)	𝜌 (Ω·cm); 𝜇 (cm^2 V^−1 s^−1); 𝑝 (cm^3)	ΔEa (eV)	Phase	Reference
CBD; 5–40 h	1.3–1.45	—	50	200	300	—	—	Cu0.8S	[1]
RF; —	—	—	500	—	50–600	0.8–0.04; 4–10; 1 × 10^18–3 × 10^19	0.1–0.004	Cu2S; CuS	[6]
SP; —	2.42–2.60	25.5–29.4	260–310	—	280	1.93–30 × 10^−4; 12–25; 1.8 × 10^20–1.7 × 10^21	—	CuS	[7]
CBD; 9–24 h	2.48–2.90	2-3	—	—	70–233	1 × 10^8–10^6; —; —	0.16–0.08	CuS	[9]
PCD; 1-2 h	2.15–2.53	—	RT	—	150–350	—	—	CuS; CuxS	[21]
MOD; —	2.8	15–18	RT	350	300	3 × 10^5; 1.72–16; 10^12–10^15	—	CuS	[25]
MOCVD; 4–8 h	2	—	300–500	—	20–2800	43–340; 4; 1.3 × 10^17	—	CuxS	[26]
CBD; 6–8 h	1.4–1.55	11–20	25–70	200–400	500	2.8 × 10^−4; 23.5 × 10^−5; —	—	CuxS	[27]
ASP; —	2.2	—	270	—	320	6.25–3.13 × 10^−2; 3.2–4.2; 2.3–6.2 × 10^19	—	Cu2S	[30]
SP; —	2.2	—	150–210	—	250	—	—	CuS	[31]
CBD; 18–20 h	3	10–15	30	—	600	—	—	CuS	[33]
CBD; 1 h	1.98–2.34	13.5±3.5	40	100–200	378–733	8.25 × 10^−1–1.72 × 10^−2; 0.17–3.5; 6.25 × 10^18–1.37 × 10^21	0.007–0.013	CuS	PS

CBD: chemical bath deposition; RF: reactive sputtering; SP: spray pyrolysis; SDM: sorption diffusion method; PCD: photochemical deposition; MOD: metal organic deposition; MOCVD: metal organic chemical vapor deposition; ASP: aerosol assisted spray pyrolysis; GDM: growth deposition method; 𝐷: grain size; Ts: substrate temperature; Ta: annealing temperature; 𝑑: thickness; ΔEa: activation energy; PS: present Study.