Investigation of Thermal Instability of Additive-Based High-Efficiency Organic Photovoltaics

Figure 2

The AFM phase images of the PBDTTT-C:PC₇₁BM films with 3% DIO heated under (a) room temperature, (b) 70°C, (c) 80°C, (d) 90°C, and (e) 100°C for 5 minutes.

(a)  

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)