Synergetic Enhancement of Device Efficiency in Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)/[6,6]-phenyl C₆₁ Butyric Acid Methyl Ester Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells by Glycerol Addition in the Active Layer

Figure 7

AFM height images (a) ITOPH500P3HT:PC₆₀BM (pristine) unannealed, RMS roughness 15 nm, (b) ITOPH500P3HT:PC₆₀BM (pristine) annealed, RMS roughness 16.5 nm, (c) ITOPH500P3HT:PC₆₀BM layer (with 30 vol% glycerol additive) unannealed, RMS roughness 7.18 nm, and (d) ITOPH500P3HT:PC₆₀BM (with glycerol 30 vol% additive) annealed, RMS roughness 7.37 nm.

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