Silicon Powder-Based Wafers for Low-Cost Photovoltaics: Laser Treatments and Nanowire Etching

Figure 4

(a) Surface texturing of the as-cut pc-Si wafers subject to a MAWCE; (b) higher magnification SEM image of the surface texture showing nanofeatures (examples in the insets are shown in the regions marked with red rectangles); (c) densely packed nanowires formed after the two-step MAWCE on polished wafers; (d) vertically orientated silicon nanowires etched by the two-step MAWCE process.

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