Multiconcept Methods to Enhance Photovoltaic System Efficiency

Table 4

V-trough system.

Description	Gain (%)	Rate of concentration	Reference
Ya’acob et al. made a comparative study using three monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic systems: fix (F), dual-axis sun tracker (DST), and V-trough system with sun tracker (V); the rated power of all three systems is 1 kW	DST to F is 9.4; V to DST is 23.4; V to F is 32.8	2	[48]
Hu and Yachi proposed an innovative V system with tracker for each mirror	70 to the panel without mirror	—	[49]
Tina and Scandura compared the power generated by two photovoltaic systems: one is a single-axis tracking system (azimuth) (SA) and the second is a dual-axis tracking system with mirrors (M)	M to SA is 34	1.81	[51]
Solanki et al. proposed a system which consists of 6 monocrystalline silicon panels, each of them being placed in a V system	7.7 to the panels without mirrors	2	[46]
Maiti et al. study two 10 W photovoltaic panels placed on V-trough. One PV panel is cooled with PCM material, and the second is not. A manual sun tracker on East-West direction is used. The panels are tilted at 18.9° to the horizontal, which is the optimum angle	55 to the panels without mirrors and PCM	2	[47]
Singh et al. compared the generated power of two systems: one is V-trough system and the other is compound parabolic concentrator (CPC). Four monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell series connected are used for each concentrator	V to CPC is 17.2 at the specific tilt angle 30°	2.2	[52]