Research Article

Insights into Neonatal Oral Feeding through the Salivary Transcriptome

Table 2

Genes involved in feeding behavior ( ).

GeneGene symbolRelevant biological function

Angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1ACEThis gene encodes an enzyme involved in catalyzing the conversion of angiotensin I into a physiologically active peptide angiotensin II.
Cholecystokinin A receptorCCKAR In the central and peripheral nervous system this receptor regulates satiety.
Cannabinoid receptor 1 (brain)CNR1 Animal experiments utilizing receptor antagonists resulted in suppressed food and water intake with concurrent decreased body weight.
Corticotropin releasing-hormoneCRHCorticotropin-releasing hormone is secreted by the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus in response to stress.
Corticotropin releasing-hormone receptor 1CRHR1 The encoded protein is essential for the activation of signal transduction pathways that regulate diverse physiological processes including obesity.
Diencephalon/mesencephalon homeobox 1DMBX1This gene is known to be involved in adult feeding behavior and may play a role in brain and sensory organ development.
Free fatty acid receptor 1FFAR1The encoded protein is a receptor for medium and long chain free fatty acids and may be involved in the metabolic regulation of insulin secretion.
Glutamate decarboxylase 2 (pancreatic islets and brain, 65 kDa)GAD2This gene has been shown to be a candidate gene for obesity in humans.
Galanin-like peptideGALPThis gene is involved in biological processes including hypothalamic regulation of metabolism.
Galanin receptor 3GALR3The neuropeptide galanin modulates a variety of physiologic processes including feeding behavior.
GlucagonGCGGlucagon is a pancreatic hormone that counteracts the glucose-lowering action of insulin by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
Growth hormone secretagogue receptorGHSRThe encoded protein may play a role in energy homeostasis and regulation of body weight.
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptorGLP1RThis gene is involved in energy reserve metabolic processes and feeding behavior.
Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2BGRIN2BNMDA receptor channel is involved in the activity-dependent increase in the efficiency of synaptic transmission thought to underlie certain kinds of memory and learning.
Hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2HCRTR2The protein encoded by this gene is a G protein coupled receptor involved in the regulation of feeding behavior.
Histamine receptor H3HRH3This gene encodes an integral membrane protein and can regulate neurotransmitter release.
5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A, G protein-coupledHTR1AGene has been shown to be involved in control of food intake in obese rats.
5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2C, G protein-coupledHTR2CThis gene is involved in feeding behavior.
Interleukin 1 receptor antagonistIL1RNThe protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family.
Janus kinase 1JAK1 Knockout mice of this gene exhibit decreased nursing behavior.
Junctophilin 1JPH1This gene is involved in muscle organ development.
Lactalbumin, alphaLALBAThis gene encodes alpha-lactalbumin, a principal protein of milk.
Leptin receptorLEPRThis protein is a receptor for leptin and is involved in the regulation of fat metabolism.
Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1MCHR1The gene is involved in the neuronal regulation of food consumption.
NK2 homeobox 1NKX2-1This gene is involved in brain development and feeding behavior.
Neuropeptide Y receptor Y1NPY1RNeuropeptide Y exhibits a diverse range of important physiologic activities including regulation of food consumption.
Neuropeptide Y receptor Y2NPY2RThis gene is involved in regulating feeding behavior.
Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2NTRK2This gene is involved in feeding behavior. Mutations in this gene have been associated with obesity.
Opioid receptor, kappa 1OPRK1This gene is involved in regulating behavior.
Peroxisomal biogenesis factor 13PEX13This gene is involved in suckling behavior.
POU class 4 homeobox 1POU4F1This gene is highly expressed in the developing sensory nervous system.
Prolactin releasing hormonePRLHThis gene is involved in feeding behavior and regulates multicellular organism growth.
Prostaglandin E receptor 3 (subtype EP3)PTGER3This receptor may have many biological functions, which involve digestion and the nervous system.
PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2PTK2This gene plays a role in glucose response, fat-cell differentiation, and the growth hormone receptor signaling pathway.
Peptide YYPYYThis gene is involved in digestion and feeding behavior.
Solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 2SLC18A2This gene is involved in glucose homeostasis and response to starvation.
Solute carrier family 27 (fatty acid transporter), member 5SLC27A5This gene is involved in digestion.
Tachykinin receptor 1TACR1This gene is involved in eating behavior.
Tyrosine hydroxylaseTHThis gene plays a role in eating behavior.
Thyrotropin-releasing hormoneTRHThis gene plays a role in eating behavior.
Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 5TRPM5This gene plays an important role in taste transduction.