The Methodology of Doppler-Derived Central Blood Flow Measurements in Newborn Infants

Table 5

Studies investigating atrial shunt in newborn infants.

	Population studied	Timing	Findings
Fukazawa et al., 1988 [50]	102 term and preterm infants	Followup till closure	24% open at 1 week; 13% open at 1 month; median diameter 4 mm
Hannu et al., 1989 [51]	37 healthy term infants	24 hours	41% closed; 57% LR shunt; 2% BD shunt
Hiraishi et al., 1991 [52]	36 healthy term infants	4-5 days	53% closed; 28% LR shunt; 19% BD shunt
Evans and Iyer, 1994 [53]	51 preterm infants < 1500 grams with mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours	Regular during the first 3 weeks and then on indication until discharge	46% < 3 mm, early closure; 23% < 3 mm, persisting; 18% > 3 mm, early closure; 13% > 3 mm, persisting
Markhorst et al., 1995 [54]	20 healthy term infants	6 days	90% closed; 10% LR shunt; 0% RL shunt
Riggs et al., 2000 [55]	80 term and preterm infants with an atrial shunt	Followup till closure	median closure time in term infants 119 days; median closure time in preterm infants 752 days; initial diameter not influencing closure