|
| Study | GA (wk)
BW (g) | Probiotic used | Dose and duration | Primary outcome | Comments |
|
|
Kitajima et al. 1997, Japan [25] | <1500
| BB | once daily from first feed for 28 days | Gut colonization by BB | No difference in sepsis |
|
Dani et al. 2002, Italy [26] | <33
<1500
| LGG | CFU once daily from first feeds till discharge | Urinary tract infection, bacterial sepsis, NEC | No difference in all three outcomes |
|
Costalos et al. 2003, Greece [27] | 28–32
| SB | 109/kg twice daily from first feed for 30 days | Gut function and stool colonization | No difference in sepsis |
|
Lin et al. 2005, Taiwan [28] | <1500
| LA, BI
| LA: 1004356 BI: 1015697 twice daily from day 7 until discharge | NEC | ↓ NEC and sepsis rate in probiotic group (12.2% versus 19.3%) |
|
Bin-Nun et al. 2005 Israel [29] | ≤1500
| BI, ST, BB | BI: CFU
ST: CFU
BB: CFU once daily from first feed to 36 wks | NEC | ↓ NEC in probiotic group.
No difference in sepsis (43% versus 33%) |
|
Manzoni et al. 2006, Italy [30] | <1500
| LBC | CFU once daily from third day of life to 6 wks or discharge from NICU | Gut colonization by Candida | No difference in sepsis |
|
Stratiki et al. 2007, Greece [31] | 27–37
| BL | Preterm formula CFU/g started within 48 h. | Intestinal permeability | No difference in sepsis |
|
Lin et al. 2008, Taiwan [32] | <34
<1500
| BB, LA | CFU/day for 6 weeks | NEC or death | ↓ NEC and mortality.
↑ sepsis risk in probiotic
(19.8% versus 11.5%), but nonsignificant |
|
Samanta et al. 2009, India [33] | <32
<1500
| BI, BB, BL, LA | CFU/day till discharge | NEC, feed tolerance | ↓ Sepsis in probiotic group (14.3% versus 29.5%) |
|
Rougé et al. 2009 France [34] | <32
<1500
| BL, LGG | CFU per day until discharge | Enteral feed intake at day 14 | No difference in sepsis (33.3% versus 26.5%) |
|
Awad et al. 2010, Egypt [35] | All neonate
| LA (live and killed) | CFU twice daily from day 1 till discharged | Sepsis and NEC | ↓ sepsis rate in probiotic groups |
|
Mihatsch et al. 2010, Germany [36] | <30 and
<1500
| BL | CFU/Kg/day for 6 weeks | Incidence density of nosocomial infection | No difference in sepsis |
| Romeo et al. 2011, Italy [37] | <37
<2500
| LR
LGG | LR: CFU daily
LGG: CFU daily from first 72 hrs to 6 wks or until discharge | Gut fungal colonization and late onset sepsis | Probiotics effective in prevention of gut colonization by Candida.
No difference in sepsis |
|
Braga et al. 2011, Brazil [38] | <1500
| LC, BBr | CFU
Starting from day 2 till 30 days of life | NEC | No difference in sepsis (33.6% versus 37.5%) |
| Sari et al. 2011, Turkey [39] | <33
<1500
| LS | till discharged | NEC, and mortality | No difference in sepsis (26.4% versus 23.4%) |
|
Fernández-Carrocera et al. 2013, Mexico [40] | <1500
| LA, LGG,
LC, LP,
BI, ST | Multispecies probiotics 1 g/day
| NEC | No difference in NEC and sepsis rate (56% versus 58.7%) |
|
