Clinical Study
Ear Infection and Its Associated Risk Factors, Comorbidity, and Health Service Use in Australian Children
Table 1
Prevalence and cross-sectional association of ear infection and potential risk factors.
| | At baseline age 4 to 5 years | % () | Ear infection prevalence % () | Bivariate odds ratio and value |
| | Study child—sex | | | | | Male | 50.9 (2537) | 8.5 (215) | OR = 1.00 | | Female | 49.1 (2446) | 7.3 (179) | OR = 0.85; = 0.131 | | Study child—indigenous status | | | | | Nonindigenous | 96.3 (4794) | 7.7 (368) | OR = 1.00 | | Indigenous | 3.8 (187) | 13.9 (26) | OR = 1.94; P = 0.002 | | Reported breastfed (months) | | | | | 1 month—yes | 80.2 (3976) | 7.6 (301) | OR = 1.00 | | 1 month—no | 19.8 (981) | 9.2 (90) | OR = 1.23; = 0.096 | | 3 months—yes | 71.0 (3518) | 7.4 (260) | OR = 1.00 | | 3 months—no | 29.0 (1439) | 9.1 (131) | OR = 1.25; P = 0.043 | | 6 months—yes | 57.2 (2833) | 7.3 (207) | OR = 1.00 | | 6 months—no | 42.9 (2124) | 8.7 (184) | OR = 1.20; = 0.080 | | Mother—smoking status | | | | | Not smoking | 76.9 (3178) | 7.4 (235) | OR = 1.00 | | Less than once/day | 3.6 (148) | 6.1 (9) | OR = 0.81; = 0.550 | | More than once/day | 19.5 (805) | 10.1 (81) | OR = 1.40; P = 0.013 | | Father—smoking status | | | | | Not smoking | 75.4 (2451) | 7.0 (172) | OR = 1.00 | | Less than once/day | 3.2 (104) | 7.7 (8) | OR = 1.10; = 0.792 | | More than once/day | 21.4 (696) | 9.6 (67) | OR = 1.41; P = 0.022 | | Mother—school completion | | | | | Year 12+ | 58.1 (2895) | 7.6 (219) | OR = 1.00 | | Year 10-11 | 34.9 (1739) | 8.2 (143) | OR = 1.10; = 0.376 | | Year ≤9 | 6.9 (344) | 9.3 (32) | OR = 1.18; = 0.399 | | Father—school completion | | | | | Year 12+ | 45.1 (2246) | 6.5 (146) | OR = 1.00 | | Year 10-11 | 33.8 (1682) | 9.1 (153) | OR = 1.43; P = 0.003 | | Year ≤9 | 5.9 (295) | 9.5 (28) | OR = 1.45; P = 0.008 | | SEIFA economic resources | | | | | Equal or above median | 54.2 (2699) | 7.4 (200) | OR = 1.00 | | Below median | 45.8 (2284) | 8.5 (194) | OR = 1.16; = 0.158 |
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