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| S. no. | Study ID/country | Design, setting | Study population | Number of subjects | Intervention/exposure | Outcome | Comments |
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| 1 | Klonoff-Cohen and Edelstein 1995/USA [19] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all infants from birth to 1 year of age died of SIDS; controls: matched for birth hospital, sex, race, date of birth, and the same survey | Cases, 200
Controls, 200 | Bedshare | SIDS rate = 60/200 (case), 52/200 (control)
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No separate data for neonates. The study reported the odds for bed sharing during the daytime also (we did not use that data). OR adjusted for passive smoking. Loss to followup was 25% |
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| 2 | Brooke et al. 1997/Scotland [20] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all infant deaths occurring from 7th day of life to 1 year; controls: births immediately before and after the index case in the same maternity unit and matched for the same survey | Cases, 146
Controls, 275 | Bed-share
| SIDS rate = 11/146 (case), 6/275 (control)
| No separate data for neonates available. Other factors studied, GA ≤ 36 wks, BW < 2500 g. Loss to followup was 25% |
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| 3 | L’Hoir et al. 1998/The Netherlands [21] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all sudden deaths from 7 days to 2 years of age; controls: matched for date of birth and the same survey | Cases, 73
Controls, 146 | Bed-share
| SIDS rate = 6/73 (case), 7/146 (control)
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Out of 73 SIDS, only 10 happened during the neonatal period. Other factors studied: smoking, alcohol. Data provided for infants who were not exposed to passive smoking |
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| 4 | Blair et al. 1999/United Kingdom [22] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all unexpected deaths up to 2 years of age; controls: infants born immediately before and after the index case and matched for the same survey | Cases, 321
Controls, 1299 | Bed-share
| SIDS rate = 82/321 (case), 189/1299 (control) | Separate data for neonates not available. Other factors studied: smoking, alcohol. Only 23 infants died between 7 and 60 days of life |
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| 5 | Arnestad et al. 2001/Norway [23] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all sudden deaths among children between the 2nd week and 3 yrs of age; controls: infants matched for sex and date of birth, randomly picked from the national register and matched for the same survey | Cases, 174
Controls, 375 | Bed-share
| SIDS rate = 15/174 (case), 24/375 (control) |
No separate data for neonates available (out of 174 cases, only 13 died before 2 months of age). Other factors studied: smoking, breast feeding, birth order and weight, mode of sleeping, dummy use, and socioeconomic factors. Adjusted for passive smoking. Loss to followup was 31% (case) and 25% (control) |
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| 6 | Williams et al. 2002/New Zealand [24] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all unexpected infant deaths from 29 days to 1 year of age; controls: randomly selected from all births, except home births, and matched for the same survey | Cases, 369
Controls, 1558 | Bed-share
| SIDS rate = 86/369 (case), 162/1558 (control) | No separate data for neonates available. Other factors studied: smoking, breast feeding. Bed sharing refers to “usual” pattern or last night’s sleep is not known. Loss to followup was 10–19% |
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| 7 | Carpenter et al. 2004/Europe [25] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all unexplained deaths in the first year of life; controls: randomly selected from the birth records, matched for age and the same survey | Cases, 281
Controls, 1760 |
Bed-share |
SIDS rate = 32/281 (case), 139/1760 (control)
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Of the total 700 odd cases, only 57 SIDS occurred in the first month of life. Other factors studied: smoking, alcohol. Information depicted here is for infants whose mothers did not smoke |
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| 8 | Bubnaitiene et al. 2005/Lithuania [26] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: included <1 year of age group died of SIDS; controls: matched for date of birth, region, and the same survey | Cases, 35
Controls, 145 | Bed-share
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SIDS rate = 0/35 (case), 20/145 (control)
| No separate data for neonates available (only 1 SIDS during the neonatal period). Studied subgroups, GA ≤ 36 wks, BW <2 500 g. Loss to followup was 22.2% in cases |
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| 9 | McGarvey et al. 2006/Ireland [27] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all infants from birth to 1 year of age died of SIDS; controls: matched for date of birth, community area, and the same survey | Cases, 259
Controls, 829 | Bed-share
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SIDS rate = 128/259 (case), 101/829 (control)
| Data provided is for infants aged <10 weeks of age. Other factors studied: smoking, alcohol. Loss to followup was 14% |
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| 10 | Ruys et al. 2007/The Netherlands [28] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all infants <6 months of age died of cot deaths; controls: infants of the same age groups who participated in a countrywide survey | Cases, 138
Controls, 1628 | Bed-share
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SIDS rate = 36/138 (case), 151/1628 (control)
| No separate data for neonates available. Other factors studied: smoking, breast feeding. Adjusted for breast feeding, age, and passive smoking |
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| 11 | Blair et al. 2009/England [9] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all unexpected deaths up to 2 years of age; controls: from the maternity database of one hospital and matched for the same survey | Cases, 79
Controls, 87 | Bed-share
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SIDS rate = 30/79 (case), 17/87 (control)
| Other factors studied: smoking, narcotics, GA ≤37 wks, BW < 2500 g. Neonates accounted for only 15% of SIDS. Loss to followup was 5–14% in both the groups |
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| 12 | Vennemann et al. 2009/Germany [29] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all infants from birth to 1 year of age died of SIDS; controls: matched for date of birth and the same survey | Cases, 333
Controls, 998 | Bed-share |
SIDS rate = 27/333 (case), 28/998 (control)
| Data provided is for infants aged <13 weeks of age. Other factors studied: smoking, GA ≤ 37 wks, BW < 1500 g. Adjusted for maternal smoking. Loss to followup was 18–42% in both the groups |
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| 13 | Fu et al. 2010/USA [30] | Case-control study, population based | Cases: all infants from birth to 1 year of age died of SIDS: controls: matched for birth, race, age, birth weight, and the same survey | Cases, 195
Controls, 194 | Bed-share
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SIDS rate = 15/195 (case), 6/194 (control)
| Reported data for 3 subgroups: <1 mo, 1–3 mo, and >4 mo; only the 1st month data has been used here. Other factors studied: smoking, alcohol. Bed sharing included sleeping on the mattress as well as sofa. Loss to followup was 25% |
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