Knowledge Level and Determinants of Neonatal Jaundice: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Effutu Municipality of Ghana

Table 3

Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants in relation to sex of neonate.

Parameter	Total	Males	Females	value
	Mother’s age (years)					0.271
Mode of delivery				0.749
NVD	57 (57.0)	28 (53.8)	29 (60.4)
NVDA	24 (24.0)	14 (26.9)	10 (20.8)
CS	19 (19.0)	10 (19.2)	9 (18.8)
Duration of labour				0.507
Normal	57 (57.0)	28 (53.8)	29 (60.4)
Prolonged	43 (43.0)	24 (46.2)	19 (39.6)
Mother’s sickling status				0.484
Negative	80 (80.0)	43 (82.7)	37 (77.1)
Positive	20 (20.0)	9 (17.3)	11 (22.9)
Mother’s G6PD status				0.456
Normal	80 (80.0)	44 (84.6)	36 (75.0)
PD	11 (11.0)	4 (7.7)	7 (14.6)
FD	9 (9.0)	4 (7.7)	5 (10.4)
Begin of condition				0.048
At birth	10 (10.0)	7 (13.5)	3 (6.2)
1–3 days	54 (54.0)	22 (42.3)	32 (66.7)
≥4 days	36 (36.0)	23 (44.2)	13 (27.1)
Neonate’s G6PD status				0.511
Normal	88 (88.0)	47 (90.4)	41 (85.4)
PD	1 (1.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (2.1)
FD	11 (11.0)	5 (9.6)	6 (12.5)
Blood group incompatibility				0.169
No	82 (82.0)	40 (76.9)	42 (87.5)
Yes	18 (18.0)	12 (23.1)	6 (12.5)
TB (µmol/L)				0.058
Normal	18 (18.0)	13 (25.0)	5 (10.4)
High	82 (82.0)	39 (75.0)	43 (89.6)
DB (µmol/L)				0.057
Normal	59 (59.0)	26 (50.0)	33 (68.8)
High	41 (41.0)	26 (50.0)	15 (31.2)
IDB (µmol/L)				-
High	100 (100.0)	52 (100.0)	48 (100.0)
Birth weight				0.774
Low	34 (34.0)	17 (32.7)	17 (35.4)
Normal	66 (66.0)	35 (67.3)	31 (64.6)
Mean birth weight				0.705
Gestation				0.508
TB (µmol/L)				0.390
DB (µmol/L)				0.019
IDB (µmol/L)				0.552

TB: total bilirubin; DB: direct bilirubin; IDB: indirect bilirubin.