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International Journal of Peptides
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Special Issues
International Journal of Peptides
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2013
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Article
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Fig 2
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Review Article
Antimicrobial Peptides: Versatile Biological Properties
Figure 2
Proposed mechanisms of actions of AMPs. (a) Energy independent mechanism: it includes barrel stave model, carpet model, and toroidal pore model. (b) Energy dependent mechanism: it includes macropinocytosis.
(a)
ATP independent mechanisms
(b)
ATP dependent mechanism