Employment Assimilation of Immigrants in The Netherlands: Dip and Catchup by Source Country
Table 2
Employment probabilities, probit: coefficient, (marginal effect), and (standard error).
Men
Women
Mod I
Mod II
Mod III
Mod IV
Mod I
Mod II
Mod III
Mod IV
Age
0.260***
0.265***
0.266***
0.261***
0.147***
0.154***
0.155***
0.159***
[0.052]
[0.051]
[0.051]
[0.049]
[0.053]
[0.055]
[0.056]
[0.057]
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
Age-sq
−0.003***
−0.004***
−0.004***
−0.003***
−0.002***
−0.002***
−0.002***
−0.002***
[−0.001]
[−0.001]
[−0.001]
[−0.001]
[−0.001]
[−0.001]
[−0.001]
[−0.001]
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
YSM
0.036***
0.041***
0.028***
0.027***
0.054***
0.060***
0.051***
0.054***
[0.007]
[0.008]
[0.005]
[0.005]
[0.020]
[0.022]
[0.018]
[0.019]
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
YSM-sq
−0.001***
−0.001***
−0.001***
−0.001***
−0.001***
−0.001***
−0.001***
−0.001***
[0.000]
[0.000]
[0.000]
[0.000]
[0.000]
[0.000]
[0.000]
[0.000]
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
TurkMoroc
−1.471***
−1.274***
−1.070***
−1.074***
−1.965***
−1.676***
−1.535***
−1.471***
[−0.489]
[−0.406]
[−0.326]
[−0.325]
[−0.618]
[−0.572]
[−0.541]
[−0.527]
(0.026)
(0.027)
(0.031)
(0.031)
(0.009)
(0.013)
(0.018)
(0.020)
Caribbean
−1.042***
−0.970***
−0.998***
−0.969***
−1.059***
−1.012***
−0.985***
−0.996***
[−0.323]
[−0.289]
[−0.299]
[−0.286]
[−0.403]
[−0.387]
[−0.378]
[−0.382]
(0.029)
(0.029)
(0.036)
(0.036)
(0.021)
(0.022)
(0.027)
(0.028)
East-Europ
−1.099***
−1.120***
−1.073***
−1.063***
−1.094***
−1.184***
−1.167***
−1.256***
[−0.348]
[−0.349]
[−0.331]
[−0.325]
[−0.414]
[−0.444]
[−0.438]
[−0.466]
(0.031)
(0.032)
(0.041)
(0.041)
(0.019)
(0.019)
(0.024)
(0.023)
RefugeeCount
−1.827***
−1.855***
−2.251***
−2.244***
−1.970***
−1.983***
−2.753***
−2.770***
[−0.621]
[−0.626]
[−0.737]
[−0.735]
[−0.610]
[−0.616]
[−0.671]
[−0.675]
(0.025)
(0.025)
(0.033)
(0.034)
(0.012)
(0.012)
(0.007)
(0.007)
Nonwestern
−1.258***
−1.203***
−1.379***
−1.364***
−1.344***
−1.299***
−1.364***
−1.376***
[−0.409]
[−0.380]
[−0.450]
[−0.442]
[−0.489]
[−0.479]
[−0.497]
[−0.501]
(0.027)
(0.028)
(0.034)
(0.034)
(0.015)
(0.016)
(0.019)
(0.020)
Western
−0.702***
−0.666***
−0.662***
−0.654***
−0.956***
−1.011***
−1.021***
−1.042***
[−0.189]
[−0.172]
[−0.171]
[−0.167]
[−0.367]
[−0.386]
[−0.390]
[−0.397]
(0.021)
(0.021)
(0.025)
(0.025)
(0.019)
(0.019)
(0.022)
(0.022)
Second Gen
0.595***
0.536***
0.527***
0.529***
1.000***
1.006***
1.004***
1.020***
[0.086]
[0.076]
[0.075]
[0.075]
[0.269]
[0.265]
[0.265]
[0.266]
(0.006)
(0.007)
(0.008)
(0.007)
(0.009)
(0.009)
(0.010)
(0.010)
Caribb*YSM
0.015**
0.014**
0.009
0.009*
[0.003]
[0.003]
[0.003]
[0.003]
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.002)
(0.002)
EastEur*YSM
0.009
0.009
0.008
0.011
[0.002]
[0.002]
[0.003]
[0.004]
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.002)
(0.002)
Refug*YSM
0.058***
0.058***
0.093***
0.094***
[0.011]
[0.011]
[0.033]
[0.033]
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.007)
(0.007)
Non-west*YSM
0.027***
0.026***
0.015**
0.016**
[0.005]
[0.005]
[0.005]
[0.006]
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.002)
(0.002)
West*YSM
0.013***
0.013**
0.012**
0.013***
[0.003]
[0.002]
[0.004]
[0.005]
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
Log likelihood
−24482
−23608
−23589
−23519
−40499
−38442
−38426
−37633
Pseudo R-sq
0.23
0.25
0.25
0.26
0.14
0.19
0.19
0.20
N
71445
71445
71445
71445
73644
73644
73644
73644
; **; ***. Models II and III also include dummies for 7 categories of educational achievement. Model IV additionally include 3 dummy variables for the presence of children below 11 years, controls for marital status, the degree of urbanisation, and for naturalisation of immigrants.
