Socioeconomic Position, Rural Residence, and Marginality Influences on Obesity Status in the Adult Mexican Population
Table 1
Descriptive statistics for obesity status, socioeconomic position, sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics, housing conditions, and the marginality index for the adult mexican population, ENSANUT 2006.
Variables
Full Sample ()
Urbanb ()
Rural ()
Malec ()
Female ()
Obesity status (BMI ≥ 30)
Obese
Yes
30.4
32.1***
26.3
23.6***
35.2
No
69.6
67.8
73.6
76.3
64.8
Socioeconomic position
Employed
47.9
50.7***
38.4
76.8***
27.5
Educational level
No education
10.2
7.5***
19.8
8.3***
11.5
Primary education
42.2
37.7***
58.0
39.7***
43.9
Secondary or technical education
38.7
43.7***
21.2
40.3*
37.6
College education or more
8.7
10.9***
0.9
11.5***
6.7
Sociodemographiccharacteristics
Gender
Male
41.3
41.4
41.0
—
—
Female
58.6
58.5
58.9
—
—
Age
20–34
36.7
37.3**
34.8
36.0
37.3
35–49
32.3
32.2
32.6
31.0**
33.2
50–64
18.8
18.7
19.2
20.0**
18.0
65 or older
12.0
11.6**
13.2
12.8*
11.4
Residential status
Rural
22.3
—
—
22.4
22.1
Urban
77.6
—
—
77.5
77.8
Household size (mean)a
4.8
4.8**
4.9
4.8
4.8
Indigenous identity
18.6
15.6***
33.5
18.9†
20.1
Marital status
Single (never married)
18.6
20.1***
13.4
20.1**
17.5
Married or cohabiting
70.3
68.4***
76.9
74.7***
67.3
Divorced
4.8
5.3***
3.1
2.4***
6.5
Widowed
6.1
6.0
6.5
2.6***
8.6
Behavioral characteristics
Walked >3 days last week
76.8
76.9
76.8
79.2***
75.0
Current smoker
17.4
19.4***
10.3
29.5***
8.8
Currently drinks alcohol
32.2
33.8***
26.7
52.4***
18.0
Housing conditions
House has dirt floor
8.2
3.9***
23.2
8.1
8.3
House has no electricity
1.6
0.7***
4.7
1.6
1.6
Municipio level
Marginality Index 2005
−1.01
−1.31***
−0.20
−1.04
−1.00
Values weighted by P_ADULT; in each column is based on survey sample sizes.
aThe reported -value is for an independent samples t-test.
bThe reported -values are for a chi-square test testing equality of the distribution across rural and urban locations.
cThe reported -values are for a chi-square test testing equality of the distribution across male and female sexes. , , , .
