Kenaf Bast Fibers—Part II: Inorganic Nanoparticle Impregnation for Polymer Composites

Figure 6

SEM images of the fracture surfaces of kenaf fiber/PP composites. (a) PP composites reinforced with untreated fibers; (b) PP composites reinforced with INI-treated fibers (INI treatment conditions were 100°C, Na₂CO₃ : CaCl₂ = 1 : 2, mol : mol), and (c) PP composites reinforced with INI-treated fibers (INI treatment conditions were 160°C, Na₂CO₃ : CaCl₂ = 1 : 1, mol : mol).

(a)

(b)

(c)