Review Article
Polymers for Cardiovascular Stent Coatings
Table 1
Components and peformance of current clinically approved DES.
| Type | DES | Coating | Drug | Clinical performance |
|
Durable | Taxus Express [52, 53] | SIBS | Paclitaxel | Superior to BMS in reducing ISR and TLR | Promus Element [54] | PBMA/PVDF-HFP | Everolimus | Comparable to Xience-V | Endeavour [55–57] | PC | Zotarolimus | Similar safety and efficacy as Taxus with higher ST; impaired polymer integrity | Xience-V [58] | PBMA/PVDF-HFP | Everolimus | Prevents ISR and restores vasomotion, low ST |
| | SymBio [59] | PLGA | Pimecrolimus/Paclitaxel | No beneficial effect compared to Taxus | Biodegradable | Endeavour Resolute [47] | BioLinx | Zotarolimus | Noninferior in safety and efficacy trials compared to durable DES | | BioMatrix [60–62] | PLA | Biolimus A9 | reduced risk of CE compared to durable DES |
|
Polymer-free | Janus Flex [63] | | Tacrolimus | Higher rates of TLR and ST in comparison with Taxus | Yukon Choice [45, 46] | | Sirolimus, Trapidil | Similar to Taxus, no beneficial effects compared to durable DES |
|
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SIBS: poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene) block copolymer, PBMA: poly(n-butyl methacrylate), PVDF-HFP: poly(vinylidene fluoride)-hexafluoropropylene, PC: phosphorylcholine polymer, PLGA: poly(lactide-co-glycolide), BioLinx: hydrophobic C10-polymer/hydrophilic C19-polymer/poly(vinyl-pyrrolidone) (PVP), and PLA: polylactide; DES: drug-eluting stent, BMS: bare metal stent, ISR: in-stent restenosis, TLR: target lesion revascularization, ST: stent thrombosis, and CE: cardiac events.
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