The Relationship between Mechanical Hyperalgesia Assessed by Manual Tender Point Examination and Disease Severity in Patients with Chronic Widespread Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 5
Multivariate/full model: significance of variables at a given tender point threshold with the pain response cutoff set at 2 at the tender point examination.
Outcome variable
TP > 6
TP > 7
TP > 8
TP > 9
TP > 10
TP > 11
TP > 12
TP > 13
TP > 14
TP > 15
TP > 16
TP > 17
Body
Muscle strength UE (PTQ extension)
Muscle strength UE (PTQ flexion)
*
**
*
*
Grip strength, max.
Vitality (SF-36)
*
Fatigue (FIQ)
Rest (FIQ)
*
**
*
*
***
**
Well-being (SF-36)
**
Well-being (FIQ)
*
**
*
Anxiety (FIQ)
*
Anxiety (GAD-10)
Depression (FIQ)
**
*
*
***
***
Depression (MDI)
*
**
Bodily pain (SF-36)
*
Pain intensity (FIQ)
Muscle stiffness (FIQ)
*
**
*
**
**
Tiredness mobility (Mob-T)
**
*
Pain detection threshold (PDT)
**
**
***
***
**
Pain tolerance threshold (PTT)
***
***
***
Activity and participation
ADL ability motor (AMPS)
**
***
**
***
**
*
ADL ability process (AMPS)
Walking speed (6-MW)
Activity limitations (FIQ)
*
Physical functioning (SF-36)
*
***
Role physical (SF 36)
*
**
Role emotional (SF-36)
***
Social functioning (SF-36)
**
**
Work interference (BIQ)
*
**
***
**
Personal
Catastrophizing (CSQ)
Perceived control over pain (CSQ)
Ability to decrease pain (CSQ)
**
*
Analgesics yes/no
NSAID
*
**
*
Opioids
Antidepressants
*
Global measures
FIQ total
***
***
**
**
SF-36 PCS
**
SF-36 MCS
General health (SF-36)
; ; ; GAD-10: generalized anxiety disorder; MDI: major depression inventory; SF-36: short-form-36 health survey; FIQ: fibromyalgia impact questionnaire; SF-36 PCS: SF-36 physical composite score; PTQ flex.: peak torque flexion; SF-36 MCS: SF-36 mental composite score; PTQ ext.: peak torque extension; CSQ: coping strategy questionnaire; PDT: pain detection threshold; AMPS: assessment of motor and process skills; PTT: pain tolerance threshold; 6-MW: 6-minute walk; BIQ: basic information questionnaire.
