Oral Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients in Qatar: A Pilot Study

Table 2

A summary of oral manifestations of the study sample.

		% (95% CI)
Hard palate ulcer
Yes	2	4.8 (1.3, 15.8)
No	40	95.2 (84.2, 98.7)
Soft palate ulcer
Yes	1	2.4 (0.43, 12.59)
No	41	97.6 (87.7, 99.6)
Ecchymosis
Yes	0	0 (0, 8.38)
No	42	100.0 (91.6, 100)
Petechiae
Yes	7	16.7 (8.32, 30.6)
No	35	83.3 (69.4, 91.7)
Lupus mucosae oris
Yes	0	0 (0, 8.38)
No	42	100.0 (91.6, 100)
Cheilitis
Yes	1	2.4 (0.43, 12.59)
No	41	97.6 (87.7, 99.6)
Candida
Yes	1	2.4 (0.43, 12.59)
No	41	97.6 (87.7, 99.6)
Discoid
Yes	0	0 (0, 8.38)
No	42	100.0 (91.6, 100)
Herpes simplex
Yes	0	0 (0, 8.38)
No	42	100.0 (91.6, 100)
Gingivitis
Yes	23	54.8 (39.9, 68.8)
No	19	45.2 (31.2, 60.1)
Gingivitis type
Localized	20	47.6 (33.4, 62.3)
Generalized	3	7.1 (2.5, 19.1)
Periodontal disease
Yes	24	57.1 (42.2, 70.9)
No	18	42.9 (29.1, 57.8)
Periodontal disease type
Localized	16	38.1 (25.0, 53.2)
Generalized	8	19.0 (9.9, 33.3)
Cavities
Yes	37	88.1 (75.0, 94.8)
No	5	11.9 (5.2, 25.0)
Missing teeth
Yes	27	64.3 (49.2, 77.0)
No	15	35.7 (22.9, 50.8)

CI: confidence interval.