Research Article

Clinically Recognized Depression and Mental Health Treatment in a Single Center Cohort of Patients with Systemic Sclerosis

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants completing CESD-R.

CharacteristicAll participants ()Participants with at first survey ()

(%) or median (IQR)
Gender
 Female115 (89)35 (92)
Age (years)62 (53-70)59 (49-68)
Race
 Black1 (1)0
 Asian-American9 (7)1 (3)
 White110 (85)35 (92)
 Others, more than one race, or unknown9 (7)3 (8)
Ethnicity
 Hispanic or Latino10 (8)3 (8)
 Non-Hispanic or Latino118 (92)35 (92)
Employment status
 Working, student, or homemaker50 (39)16 (42)
 Disabled or retired40 (31)8 (21)
 Unknown39 (30)14 (37)
Disease duration from first Raynaud’s symptom (years) ()9 (4-31)9 (2-18)
Disease duration from first non-Raynaud’s symptom (years) ()5 (2-11)4 (2-11)
Systemic sclerosis subtype
 Diffuse cutaneous49 (38)16 (42)
 Limited cutaneous76 (59)21 (55)
 Sine scleroderma4 (3)1 (3)
Autoantibodies (if ever positive):
 Anticentromere ()15 (12%)3 (8%)
 Anti-Scl70 ()23 (18%)3 (8%)
 RNA polymerase III ()4 (3%)2 (5%)
Interstitial lung disease ()30 (23)15 (40)
Functional vital capacity (FVC) percent predicted ()94 (78-105)89 (69-101)
Diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) percent predicted ()72 (50-86)64 (50-79)
Pulmonary hypertension estimated by echocardiogram ()18 (17)6 (16)
Pulmonary hypertension confirmed by right heart catheterization ()8 (6%)2 (5%)
Baseline dyspnea index ()3 (1-4)4 (2-8)
History of digital ischemic ulcers11 (9%)3 (8%)
Modified Rodnan skin score ()4 (2-10)6 (2-17)
Gastrointestinal manifestations‡113 (88%)36 (95%)
UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 total score ()0.5 (0.1-0.8)0.8 (0.4-1.1)
History of scleroderma renal crisis ()1 (1%)0
Immunomodulatory medication use at enrollment
 Mycophenolate or mycophenolic acid48 (37%)19 (50%)
 Prednisone19 (15%)4 (10%)
 Methotrexate13 (10%)4 (10%)
 Hydroxychloroquine11 (9%)3 (8%)
 Other3 (2%)2 (2%)
Patient global assessment3 (2-6)6 (4-7)
Health assessment questionnaire disability index ()0.6 (0.1-1.4)1.4 (0.8-1.9)
PROMIS-29 Profile v2.0 ()
 Physical function43 (37-57)39 (32-42)
 Anxiety51 (40-60)61 (56-65)
 Depression49 (41-56)57 (54-62)
 Fatigue55 (46-63)63 (59-67)
 Sleep51 (46-56)58 (52-64)
 Activities51 (44-64)44 (37-44)
 Pain54 (42-61)61 (57-65)

By physician assessment at study intake, not all patients had high-resolution chest CT available in PRISM. Transthoracic echocardiogram with estimated pulmonary artery systolic . ‡Patients with any of the following gastrointestinal symptoms on baseline physician assessment: gastroesophageal reflux disease, esophageal dysmotility, esophageal stricture, small bowel hypomotility, or small intestine bacterial overgrowth. Percentages calculated with 129 as denominator, irrespective of missing data.