Multidimensional Costas Arrays and Their Enumeration Using GPUs and FPGAs

<table>Difference matrices for a subpermutation during enumeration of <svg height="15.825" id="M186" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 53.837502 15.825" width="53.837502" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.538)"><path d="M734 170q-25 -130 -36 -170h-661l-8 15l420 599h-173q-77 0 -102 -7t-39 -29q-19 -29 -35 -87l-29 1l12 183h24q9 -16 19 -20.5t34 -4.5h543l7 -14l-416 -598l166 -2q94 0 131.5 7.5t58.5 29.5q28 29 55 103zM639 614h-89l-397 -567l88 -7z" id="x2124"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.763,15.613)"><path d="M285 378v-2q65 -13 102 -54.5t37 -97.5q0 -57 -30.5 -104.5t-74 -75t-85.5 -42t-72 -14.5q-31 0 -59.5 11t-40.5 23q-19 18 -16 36q1 16 23 33q13 10 24 0q58 -51 124 -51q55 0 88 40t33 112q0 64 -39 96.5t-88 32.5q-29 0 -64 -11l-6 29q77 25 118 57.5t41 84.5
q0 45 -26.5 69.5t-68.5 24.5q-67 0 -120 -79l-20 20l43 63q51 56 127 56h1q66 0 107 -37t41 -95q0 -42 -31 -71q-22 -23 -68 -54z" id="x33"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,21.925,11.538)"><path d="M528 54l-36 -38l-198 201l-198 -201l-36 38l197 200l-197 201l36 38l198 -202l198 202l36 -38l-197 -201z" id="xD7"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,34.725,11.538)"><path d="M734 170q-25 -130 -36 -170h-661l-8 15l420 599h-173q-77 0 -102 -7t-39 -29q-19 -29 -35 -87l-29 1l12 183h24q9 -16 19 -20.5t34 -4.5h543l7 -14l-416 -598l166 -2q94 0 131.5 7.5t58.5 29.5q28 29 55 103zM639 614h-89l-397 -567l88 -7z" id="x2124"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,47.438,15.613)"><path d="M285 378v-2q65 -13 102 -54.5t37 -97.5q0 -57 -30.5 -104.5t-74 -75t-85.5 -42t-72 -14.5q-31 0 -59.5 11t-40.5 23q-19 18 -16 36q1 16 23 33q13 10 24 0q58 -51 124 -51q55 0 88 40t33 112q0 64 -39 96.5t-88 32.5q-29 0 -64 -11l-6 29q77 25 118 57.5t41 84.5
q0 45 -26.5 69.5t-68.5 24.5q-67 0 -120 -79l-20 20l43 63q51 56 127 56h1q66 0 107 -37t41 -95q0 -42 -31 -71q-22 -23 -68 -54z" id="x33"></path></g>
</svg> MPCAs, to illustrate the behavior of <svg height="12.4375" id="M187" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.8999996 12.4375" width="8.8999996" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.162)"><path d="M499 88q-41 -46 -83.5 -73t-68.5 -27q-41 0 -19 98l52 225q10 43 8 59.5t-16 16.5q-37 0 -112 -65t-117 -135q-14 -42 -38 -179q-36 -7 -75 -20l-7 8l127 594q8 40 2.5 49t-35.5 9h-35l5 25q36 3 71.5 13t56.5 18t25 8q11 0 3 -38l-88 -417h2q77 102 195 167q44 24 79 24
q61 0 30 -130l-52 -220q-8 -33 4 -33q8 0 31 14.5t43 33.5z" id="x210E"></path></g>
</svg> and <svg height="12.4375" id="M188" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.875 12.4375" width="18.875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.162)"><path d="M535 230h-483v50h483v-50z" id="x2212"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,10.041,12.162)"><path d="M499 88q-41 -46 -83.5 -73t-68.5 -27q-41 0 -19 98l52 225q10 43 8 59.5t-16 16.5q-37 0 -112 -65t-117 -135q-14 -42 -38 -179q-36 -7 -75 -20l-7 8l127 594q8 40 2.5 49t-35.5 9h-35l5 25q36 3 71.5 13t56.5 18t25 8q11 0 3 -38l-88 -417h2q77 102 195 167q44 24 79 24
q61 0 30 -130l-52 -220q-8 -33 4 -33q8 0 31 14.5t43 33.5z" id="x210E"></path></g>
</svg> matrix pairs.</table>

International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing

fig4

Figure 4

Figure 4: Multidimensional Costas Arrays and Their Enumeration Using GPUs and FPGAs 