Table 4: Absolute area and time overhead of different methods.

Acronym Technique Area overhead Real-time overhead ACI Automatic compiler instrumentation 0 793 cycles per function call TN Dedicated tracing node 324 LUTs + 1200 FFs 1532 cycles per function call TI Transparent instrumentation with clock gating 2459 LUTs + 1815 FFs 3216 cycles per function call CI Custom instruction and dedicated networks 13944 LUTs + 33614 FFs 4 cycles per function call