Aerodynamic Losses in Turbines with and without Film Cooling, as Influenced by Mainstream Turbulence, Surface Roughness, Airfoil Shape, and Mach Number

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="left">Surface</td><td align="center"><svg height="5.5999999" id="M202" style="vertical-align:-3.39066pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 5.2125001 5.5999999" width="5.2125001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg>Λ</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 29.3125px;"><svg height="16.450001" id="M203" style="vertical-align:-3.39066pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 29.3125 16.450001" width="29.3125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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l5 26q38 4 74 13.5t57 17t25 7.5q12 0 4 -32l-104 -443h2q35 38 97 93q39 35 65.5 56t62 41.5t58.5 20.5q19 0 30.5 -10t11.5 -22z" id="x1D458"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.612,16.25)"><use xlink:href="#x1D460"></use></g>
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,13.7,12.162)"><use xlink:href="#x2F"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,20.703,12.162)"><use xlink:href="#x1D458"></use></g>
</svg></span></td><td align="center"><svg height="12.4375" id="M204" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 8.6750002 12.4375" width="8.6750002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.162)"><use xlink:href="#x1D458"></use></g>
</svg> (<i>μ</i>m)</td><td align="center"><svg height="16.450001" id="M205" style="vertical-align:-3.39066pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.7625 16.450001" width="13.7625" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.612,16.25)"><use xlink:href="#x1D460"></use></g>
</svg> (<i>μ</i>m)</td><td align="center"><span style="width: 37.162498px;"><svg height="16.450001" id="M206" style="vertical-align:-3.39066pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 37.162498 16.450001" width="37.162498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.162)"><use xlink:href="#x1D458"></use></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,8.612,16.25)"><use xlink:href="#x1D460"></use></g>
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,13.7,12.162)"><use xlink:href="#x2F"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,20.703,12.162)"><path d="M383 397q0 -32 -35 -49q-12 -6 -23 8q-37 45 -84 45t-90 -71q-40 -65 -40 -167q0 -57 22 -86t59 -29q38 0 81.5 24.5t69.5 51.5l16 -21q-44 -53 -104 -84t-109 -31q-56 0 -89.5 41t-33.5 117q0 61 30 124t79 105q33 28 81 50.5t86 22.5q34 0 59 -15.5t25 -35.5z" id="x1D450"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,27.605,12.162)"><path d="M536 404q0 -17 -13.5 -31.5t-26.5 -14.5q-8 0 -15 10q-11 14 -25 14q-22 0 -67 -50q-47 -52 -68 -82l37 -102q31 -88 55 -88t78 59l16 -23q-32 -48 -68.5 -78t-65.5 -30q-19 0 -37.5 20t-29.5 53l-41 116q-72 -106 -114.5 -147.5t-79.5 -41.5q-21 0 -34.5 14t-13.5 37
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</svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Smooth</td><td align="center">—</td><td align="center">.0026</td><td align="center">3.50</td><td align="center">.0094</td><td align="center">0</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Rough surface with nickel powder T1166F</td><td align="center">20.1</td><td align="center">1.889</td><td align="center">27.92</td><td align="center">52.59</td><td align="center">.00108</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Rough surface with nickel powder NI-914</td><td align="center">15.4</td><td align="center">1.959</td><td align="center">64.03</td><td align="center">125.19</td><td align="center">.00258</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Variable rough surface</td><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center">Reference [<a href="/journals/ijrm/2012/957421/#B49">38</a>]</td><td align="center"></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Turbine vane from a utility power engine</td><td align="center">43.5</td><td align="center">1.640</td><td align="center">40.82</td><td align="center">62.30</td><td align="center">.00129</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="6"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Characteristics of rough surfaces employed for the cambered turbine vane investigations [<a href="/journals/ijrm/2012/957421/#B49">38</a>].

International Journal of Rotating Machinery

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Aerodynamic Losses in Turbines with and without Film Cooling, as Influenced by Mainstream Turbulence, Surface Roughness, Airfoil Shape, and Mach Number 

Table 2 | Aerodynamic Losses in Turbines with and without Film Cooling, as Influenced by Mainstream Turbulence, Surface Roughness, Airfoil Shape, and Mach Number 