Minimally Invasive Treatment of Spinal Metastases: Techniques

Figure 1

Percutaneous pedicle screw instrumentation. (a) Dual fluoroscopy setup; (b) percutaneous cannulation of pedicles; (c, d) lateral and anteroposterior imaging of pedicle cannulation; (e) passage of pedicle screws; (f) percutaneous passage of rod.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)