Comparison of Clinicopathological Characteristics in the Patients with Cardiac Cancer with or without Esophagogastric Junctional Invasion: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study

Table 2

Comparison of clinicopathological characteristics of patients with gastric cardia cancer with or without esophageal invasion.

Variable	With esophageal invasion (𝑛=26)	Without esophageal invasion (𝑛=54)	𝑃-value
Age (year, mean ± SD)	65.3 ± 10.8	68.6 ± 10.8	0.271
Sex			0.773
Male	19 (73.1%)	42 (77.8%)
Female	7 (26.9%)	12 (22.2%)
Pathological tumor size (mm, mean ± SD)	61.9 ± 18.9	39.5 ± 20.8	<0.001**
Main histological type^†			0.811
Differentiated	15 (57.7%)	33 (61.1%)
Undifferentiated	11 (42.3%)	21 (38.9%)
Distance between EGJ and tumor epicenter			<0.001**
≤20 mm	15 (57.7%)	6 (11.1%)
>20 mm	11 (42.3%)	48 (88.9%)
Lymphatic invasion			0.003**
L0	4 (15.4%)	28 (51.9%)
L1	22 (84.6%)	26 (48.2%)
Venous invasion			<0.001**
V0	3 (11.5%)	29 (53.7%)
V1	23 (88.5%)	25 (46.3%)
Depth of tumor invasion			0.028*
pT1	4 (15.4%)	25 (46.3%)
pT2	3 (11.5%)	8 (14.8%)
pT3	13 (50.0%)	13 (24.1%)
pT4	6 (23.1%)	8 (14.8%)
Lymph node metastasis			0.002**
pN0	7 (26.9%)	38 (70.4%)
pN1	6 (23.1%)	6 (11.1%)
pN2	5 (19.2%)	6 (11.1%)
pN3	8 (30.8%)	4 (7.4%)
Distant metastasis			0.010*
M0	11 (42.3%)	54 (100%)
M1	15 (57.7%)	0
TNM stage			<0.001**
I	3 (11.5%)	29 (53.7%)
II	6 (23.1%)	15 (27.8%)
III	2 (7.7%)	10 (18.5%)
IV	15 (57.7%)	0
Extent of gastrectomy			0.150
Proximal	7 (26.9%)	24 (44.4%)
Total	19 (73.1%)	30 (55.6%)
Surgical approach			0.037*
Laparoscopic surgery	6 (23.1%)	24 (44.4%)
Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery	4 (15.4%)	13 (24.1%)
Open surgery	16 (61.5%)	17 (31.5%)
Splenectomy			<0.001**
No	9 (34.6%)	47 (87.0%)
Yes	17 (65.4%)	7 (13.0%)
Thoracotomy			0.013*
No	21 (80.8%)	53 (98.2%)
Yes	5 (19.2%)	1 (1.9%)
Postoperative chemotherapy			0.002**
No	8 (30.8%)	37 (68.5%)
Yes	18 (69.2%)	17 (31.5%)

* 𝑃<0.05, **𝑃<0.01.
^†Differentiated: papillary carcinoma, well differentiated adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma; Undifferentiated: poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma.