Research Article
The Effects of Physical Activity Feedback on Behavior and Awareness in Employees: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 1
Baseline characteristics.
| | Characteristics | Total () | Act () | DO () | MIG () | PG () | DG () | CoachG () |
| | Age (years) | 41.0 (10.7) | 38.2 (10.0) | 42.4 (16.3) | 40.6 (11.1) | 43.3 (10.7) | 43.9 (10.3) | 40.8 (9.8) | | ♂ | 43.0 (10.4) | 38.3 (10.2) | 59.0 (—) | 44.8 (9.9) | 45.6 (10.5) | 46.0 (10.7) | 42.0 (8.9) | | ♀ | 39.4 (10.6) | 38.1 (10.0) | 39.7 (16) | 37.4 (11.1) | 41.3 (10.7) | 42.1 (9.8) | 39.7 (10.5) | | Weight (kg) | 77.2 (15.7) | 69.3 (14.6) | 71.6 (12.0) | 78.0 (13.4) | 79.8 (15.7) | 81.0 (14.6) | 82.5 (17.1) | | ♂ | 87.5 (13.3) | 80.4 (12.2) | 95.3 (—) | 86.4 (11.9) | 91.4 (10.8) | 88.2 (13.4) | 94.2 (14.6) | | ♀ | 68.7 (12.1) | 59.2 (7.5) | 67.7 (6.4) | 71.2 (10.5) | 70.1 (12.2) | 74.9 (12.8) | 72.8 (12.3) | | Height (cm) | 171.3 (9.3) | 170.5 (7.7) | 163.9 (11.3) | 171.8 (9.7) | 172.5 (10.7) | 171.4 (8.2) | 171.9 (9.4) | | ♂ | 178.7 (6.6) | 175.9 (5.4) | 175.9 (—) | 178.6 (8.2) | 181.6 (7.1) | 178.4 (6.5) | 179.9 (4.7) | | ♀ | 165.2 (6.3) | 165.6 (6.0) | 161.9 (10.9) | 166.4 (7.0) | 164.8 (6.4) | 165.6 (3.9) | 165.2 (6.6) | | BMI (kg/m²) | 26.2 (4.2) | 23.7 (3.7) | 26.6 (2.9) | 26.3 (3.3) | 26.7 (4.2) | 27.5 (3.9) | 27.8 (4.4) | | ♂ | 27.4 (3.7) | 26.0 (3.6) | 30.8 (—) | 27.0 (3.0) | 27.7 (3.0) | 27.6 (3.3) | 29.1 (4.5) | | ♀ | 25.2 (4.3) | 21.6 (2.4) | 25.9 (2.4) | 25.7 (3.4) | 25.9 (4.9) | 27.3 (4.4) | 26.7 (4.1) | | WC (cm) | 84.8 (12.4) | 78.9 (12.0) | 83.5 (9.7) | 85.7 (10.5) | 86.5 (12.5) | 88.0 (11.2) | 88.4 (13.6) | | ♂ | 92.6 (10.4) | 88.0 (9.9) | 103.5 (—) | 91.2 (9.3) | 94.6 (9.0) | 93.8 (10.3) | 97.4 (11.4) | | ♀ | 78.5 (10.1) | 70.6 (6.4) | 80.1 (4.2) | 81.3 (9.4) | 79.8 (10.9) | 83.1 (9.6) | 80.9 (10.4) | | HC (cm) | 103.4 (8.0) | 98.4 (6.7) | 105.2 (4.9) | 103.2 (6.6) | 105.0 (8.0) | 106.2 (9.1) | 106.2 (7.4) | | ♂ | 104.9 (6.9) | 102.1 (5.9) | 110.7 (—) | 103.3 (7.0) | 106.5 (5.8) | 105.6 (8.1) | 108.0 (6.4) | | ♀ | 102.2 (8.7) | 95.0 (5.4) | 104.3 (4.6) | 103.2 (6.5) | 103.8 (9.3) | 106.7 (9.9) | 104.6 (8.0) | | Waist-hip ratio | 0.82 (0.08) | 0.80 (0.08) | 0.79 (0.08) | 0.83 (0.08) | 0.82 (0.09) | 0.83 (0.08) | 0.83 (0.09) | | ♂ | 0.88 (0.07) | 0.86 (0.07) | 0.93 (—) | 0.88 (0.06) | 0.89 (0.06) | 0.89 (0.07) | 0.90 (0.07) | | ♀ | 0.77 (0.06) | 0.74 (0.04) | 0.77 (0.05) | 0.79 (0.06) | 0.77 (0.06) | 0.78 (0.05) | 0.77 (0.07) | | SBD (mmHg) | 122 (16) | 119 (14) | 112 (15) | 122 (16) | 127 (17) | 125 (17) | 121 (15) | | ♂ | 130 (14) | 126 (12) | 144 (—) | 128 (15) | 136 (13) | 130 (14) | 129 (14) | | ♀ | 116 (15) | 112 (12) | 107 (7) | 117 (16) | 119 (17) | 122 (18) | 113 (11) | | DBD (mmHg) | 80 (10) | 78 (9) | 72 (12) | 82 (10) | 83 (11) | 83 (11) | 78 (9) | | ♂ | 83 (10) | 81 (8) | 99 (—) | 83 (10) | 87 (11) | 85 (10) | 81 (9) | | ♀ | 78 (10) | 74 (9) | 68 (5) | 81 (11) | 80 (10) | 82 (11) | 76 (7) | | HR (bpm) | 71 (11) | 68 (11) | 77 (11) | 72 (12) | 72 (11) | 71 (12) | 71 (9) | | ♂ | 70 (11) | 68 (12) | 71 (—) | 71 (13) | 69 (10) | 69 (11) | 72 (10) | | ♀ | 72 (11) | 68 (11) | 78 (12) | 73 (11) | 75 (10) | 73 (12) | 69 (9) | | % Body fat | 27.6 (6.8) | 22.9 (5.5) | 32.6 (4.6) | 28.4 (6.6) | 29.3 (6.6) | 29.6 (6.9) | 29.3 (5.8) | | ♂ | 24.6 (5.9) | 21.6 (6.1) | 31.5 (—) | 24.7 (6.1) | 25.9 (5.1) | 25.3 (5.2) | 26.9 (5.0) | | ♀ | 30.1 (6.5) | 24.0 (4.8) | 32.8 (5.0) | 31.6 (5.3) | 32.1 (6.4) | 33.3 (6.0) | 31.2 (5.8) | | bPAL (MET) () | 1.55 (0.26) | 1.88 (0.18) | 1.51 (0.16) | 1.46 (0.15) | 1.39 (0.16) | 1.47 (0.16) | 1.41 (0.17) | | ♂ | 1.55 (0.25) | 1.87 (0.17) | 1.19 (—) | 1.44 (0.14) | 1.38 (0.13) | 1.49 (0.12) | 1.41 (0.16) | | ♀ | 1.55 (0.26) | 1.89 (0.19) | 1.56 (0.08) | 1.47 (0.15) | 1.40 (0.18) | 1.45 (0.19) | 1.40 (0.18) |
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Abbreviations: Act: participants with bPAL ≥ 1.71 MET; DO: drop out from study; MIG: minimal intervention group; PG: pedometer group; DG: display group; CoachG: coaching group; WC: waist circumference; HC: Hip circumference; SBD: systolic blood pressure; DBD: diastolic blood pressure; HR: mean heart rate; bPAL: physical activity level at baseline; MET: metabolic equivalent.
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