A Multiple-Classifier Framework for Parkinson’s Disease Detection Based on Various Vocal Tests
Table 3
Results obtained from applying different methods and classifiers.
Classifier
Method
Accuracy (%)
Sensitivity (%)
Specificity (%)
MCC
-NN (
LOSO
53.37
49.62
57.12
0.0007
s-LOO (1–4)
42.50
30.00
55.00
0.0015
s-LOO (2–5)
52.50
45.00
60.00
0.0005
s-LOO (3–6)
50.00
55.00
45.00
0.0000
s-LOO (all)
55.00
55.00
55.00
0.1000
MCFS
67.50
75.00
60.00
0.3549
A-MCFS
70.00
80.00
60.00
0.4082
-NN ()
LOSO
54.04
53.27
54.81
0.0008
s-LOO (1–4)
55.00
45.00
65.00
0.1021
s-LOO (2–5)
60.00
55.00
65.00
0.2010
s-LOO (3–6)
42.50
55.00
30.00
0.0015
s-LOO (all)
55.00
55.00
55.00
0.1000
MCFS
65.00
60.00
70.00
0.3015
A-MCFS
67.50
75.00
60.00
0.3540
-NN ()
LOSO
54.42
53.65
55.19
0.0009
s-LOO (1–4)
55.00
45.00
65.00
0.1201
s-LOO (2–5)
57.50
65.00
50.00
0.1517
s-LOO (3–6)
50.00
70.00
30.00
0.0000
s-LOO (all)
55.00
70.00
40.00
0.1048
MCFS
67.5
60.00
75.00
0.3540
A-MCFS
72.50
70.00
75.00
0.4506
-NN ()
LOSO
53.94
54.04
53.85
0.0008
s-LOO (1–4)
65.00
55.00
75.00
0.3062
s-LOO (2–5)
62.50
60.00
65.00
0.2503
s-LOO (3–6)
42.50
65.00
20.00
0.0017
s-LOO (all)
57.50
65.00
50.00
0.1517
MCFS
62.5
65.00
60.00
0.2503
A-MCFS
77.50
80.00
75.00
0.5507
SVM (linear kernel)
LOSO
52.50
52.50
52.50
0.0006
s-LOO (1–4)
77.50
80.00
75.00
0.5507
s-LOO (2–5)
70.00
80.00
60.00
0.4082
s-LOO (3–6)
60.00
65.00
45.00
0.2000
s-LOO (all)
67.50
70.00
65.00
0.3504
MCFS
75.00
75.00
75.00
0.5000
A-MCFS
85.00
85.00
85.00
0.6000
SVM (RBF kernel)
LOSO
55.00
60.00
50.00
0.1005
s-LOO (1–4)
65.00
60.00
70.00
0.3015
s-LOO (2–5)
70.00
70.00
70.00
0.4000
s-LOO (3–6)
72.50
70.00
75.00
0.4506
s-LOO (all)
65.00
70.00
60.00
0.3015
MCFS
75.00
80.00
70.00
0.5025
A-MCFS
87.50
90.00
85.00
0.7509
Naïve Bayes
MCFS
75.00
90.00
60.00
0.5241
A-MCFS
80.00
80.00
80.00
0.6000
Discriminant analysis
MCFS
72.50
75.00
70.00
0.4506
A-MCFS
82.50
80.00
85.00
0.6508
Central tendency metrics used in s-LOO method: 1: mean, 2: median, and 3: trimmed mean (25% removed). Dispersion metrics used in s-LOO method: 4: standard deviation, 5: mean absolute deviation, and 6: interquartile range.
