Involvement of Inflammation and Adverse Vascular Remodelling in the Blood Pressure Raising Effect of Repeatedly Heated Palm Oil in Rats

Table 2

Aortic morphometric measurements.

	Group
	Control	FPO	1HPO	5HPO	10HPO
Intima-media thickness (μm)	105.26±2.18	107.87±1.38	112.00±5.51	134.54±1.71^∗	143.09±3.83^∗
Lumen diameter (mm)	1.33±0.03	1.27±0.04	1.33±0.04	1.39±0.04	1.35±0.04
Intima-media area (mm^2)	0.48±0.02	0.47±0.01	0.51±0.04	0.65±0.02^∗	0.67±0.02^∗
Lamellar units	10.33±0.67	9.67±0.51	10.07±0.28	9.89±0.71	10.58±0.56
CWT (10^4 dyne/cm)	1.05±0.06	0.97±0.03	1.06±0.04	1.25±0.03^∗	1.27±0.05^∗
Tensile stress (10^4 dyne/cm^2)	99.88±5.65	89.93±3.04	95.73±3.80	92.88±3.37	89.08±5.05

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. FPO: fresh palm oil; 1HPO: one-time-heated palm oil; 5HPO: five-time-heated palm oil; 10HPO: ten-time-heated palm oil; CWT, circumferential wall tension.
^∗𝑃<0.05 versus control, FPO, and 1HPO.