Development and Evaluation of Automotive Speech Interfaces: Useful Information from the Human Factors and the Related Literature

Table 8

Examples of errors in different modules of speech-controlled interfaces (adapted from Skanztze [52]).

Modules	Possible sources of errors
Speech detection	Truncated utterances, artifacts such as noise and side talk; barge-in problems
Speech recognition	Insertions, deletions, substitutions
Language processing/parsing	Concept failure, speech act tagging
Dialogue manager	Error in reference resolution, error in plan recognition
Response generation	Ambiguous references, too much information presented at once, TTS quality, audio quality