Outbreak1 type Country Ill2 Age Likely causes for outbreak occurring Species /genotype Reference 2008 Foodborne Finland 72 personnel of the Public Works Department in Helsinki Adults Salad mixture suspected C. parvum [178 ] Foodborne Sweden 21 guests and staff at a wedding reception Adults Sauce containing chopped fresh parsley C. parvum [179 ] 2007 Waterborne Norway 89 hotel guests Adults In-house water contamination C. parvum [298 ] Community Scotland (UK) 6 veterinary students Young adults Lapse in hygiene, especially handwashing C. parvum (subgenotype IIaA19G2R1)[299 ] Waterborne England (UK) 57 swimming pool visitors Children and adults Swimming pool contamination C. parvum C. hominis [246 ] Waterborne / foodborne Germany 201 soldiers Young adults Tap water/food contamination in a military field exercise C. parvum (genotype 2)[300 ] Waterborne Ireland (UK) 182 Adults Contamination of treated water C. hominis C. parvum [98 ] Waterborne Sweden 800–1000 Children and adults Contamination of an outdoor swimming-pool C. parvum [250 ] Waterborne ID (USA) 50 park visitors Children and adults Exposure to water from a splash feature C. hominis (subgenotype IaA28R4)[258 ] 2006 Waterborne England (UK) 35 school people Children and adults Surface water contamination during a farm visit C. parvum [251 ] Waterborne CO (USA) 21 attendes to a pool party Children and adults Swimming, pool contamination C. hominis (subgenotype IbA10G2)[85 ] Travelers’ infection FL (USA) 29 retired people Elderly Environmental contamination with animal feces C. parvum (subgenotype IIaA16G1R1b)[207 ] Foodborne ME (USA) 14 people Not reported Unknown Cryptosporidium spp.http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneoutbreaks/outbreak_data.htm Foodborne PA (USA) 2 people Not reported Unknown Cryptosporidium spp.Waterborne FL (USA) 9 children3 4 years4 Water fountain contamination Cryptosporidium spp.[261 ] Foodborne Japan 4 company members Adults Contamination of raw meat dish C. parvum (genotype IIa)[301 ] 2005 Foodborne Denmark 99 company employees Adults Buffet salad eating C. hominis [180 ] Community Scotland (UK) 62 people Adults and children Outbreak linked to a wildlife centre visit C. parvum [247 ] Waterborne Wales (UK) 100 Mostly young adults Contamination of raw and treated water C. hominis [291 ] Waterborne Turkey 191 inhabitants5 Children and adults Contamination of water tank C. parvum [276 ] 2005–2004 Community Spain 24 day-care children Children Children diaper use C. hominis [252 ] 2004 Waterborne Norway 1156 Adults Water supply contamination C. parvum (bovin genotype, genotype 2, cervine genotype)[277 ] Community Croatia One family members Elderly and adults Nosocomial and person-to-person contamination C. hominis [302 ] Waterborne CA (USA) 273 park attendants Children and adults Contamination of a water park C. parvum (genotype IIc)[127 ] Foodborne NY (USA) 212 people7 Not reported Contamination of unpasteurized apple cider Cryptosporidium spp.http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneoutbreaks/outbreak_data.htm 2003 Waterborne Yorkshire and The Humber (UK) 66 people attending at the pool Children and adults Contamination of water at a public pool Cryptosporidium spp.[293 ] Waterborne South West (UK) 21 children attending at the water park Children Leisure facility of a 'water splash zone Cryptosporidium spp.[249 ] Waterborne South East of England (UK) 17 people attending at the pool Children and adults Contamination of water at a public pool Cryptosporidium spp.[249 ] Waterborne Midlands (UK) 122 people attending at the park Children and adults Contamination of a fountain water in a public park Cryptosporidium spp.[249 ] Waterborne South West of England (UK) 63 people attending at the animal centre Children Interactive water feature at an animal attraction centre C. parvum (genotype 2)[248 ] Community Wales (UK) 17 people attending at the school visit Children and adults Open farm, school visit C. parvum (subgenotype IIaA15G2R1)[79 ] Community Wales (UK) 36 people attending at the visit Children and adults Residential farmcentre, school visit C. parvum C. hominisC. meleagridis [63 ] Waterborne Majorca (Spain) 179 travellers Children and adults Hotel pool water contamination Cryptosporidium spp.[292 ] Foodborne OH (USA) 144 inhabitants Children and adults Contamination of unpasteurized apple cider C. parvum subgenotype IIaA15G2R1, IIaA17G2R1[182 ] Community MN (USA) 31 middle-/high-school students Young people Contact with calves C. parvum [303 ] Community MN (USA) 37 middle-/high-school students Young people Manure on hands C. parvum [303 ] Foodborne MN (USA) 9 people Not reported Contamination of food in a hotel banquet room Cryptosporidium spp.http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneoutbreaks/outbreak_data.htm 2002 Community Yorkshire and The Humber (UK) 47 people attending at the nursery Children and adults Contamination at a day care nursery C. parvum C. hominis C. meleagridis [63 ] Multiple exposure: Waterborne and Community Wales (UK) 4 people 3 children and 1 adult Contamination of a private drinking water supply private water supply, farm visits and personal contact C. parvum (subgenotype IIaA17G1R1)[79 ] Waterborne South East of England (UK) 21 people Not reported Contamination of a public drinking water supply Cryptosporidium spp.[293 ] Waterborne South East of England (UK) 31 people Not reported Contamination of a public drinking water supply Cryptosporidium spp.[293 ] Waterborne North West of England (UK) 50 school people8 Adults and children Contamination of a private drinking water supply at a college Cryptosporidium spp.[293 , 294 ] Waterborne Northern Ireland (UK) 29 people Adults Contamination of raw and treated water, and land surrounding the lake watershed Cryptosporidium spp.[99 ] Community Netherlands Not reported Children Not reported, during a pet farm visit C. parvum (genotype C1)http://www.cryptosporidium.it/ Community NY (USA) 13 veterinary students Young people Hands contamination by calves contacts Cryptosporidium spp.[304 ] Foodborne FL (USA) 37 people Not reported Contamination of food in a hotel banquet room Cryptosporidium spp.http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneoutbreaks/outbreak_data.htm Foodborne GA (USA) 6 people Not reported Contamination of food in a private home Cryptosporidium spp. 2001 Waterborne France 291 county inhabitants Adults and children Public water supply contamination C. hominis (genotype Ib,Id) C. parvum (genotype IIa)[84 ] Waterborne France 573 Adults Contamination of tap water C. parvum (genotype 1)[305 ] Waterborne South West of England (UK) 14 Adults and children Contact with astream at a beach Cryptosporidium spp.[294 ] Community South East of England (UK) 30 Adults and children Contamination at a day care nursery Cryptosporidium spp.Unpublished data Waterborne South East of England (UK) 152 people attending at a school8 Adults and children Contamination of outdoor school pool water Cryptosporidium spp.[294 , 295 ] Waterborne Canada (USA) 1039 people Young adults Contamination of drinking water C. parvum [296 ] Waterborne Canada (USA) 59 people attending an Ukrainian dance festival Adults Contamination of a swimming pool in a hotel C. parvum [297 ] Waterborne (IL) USA 358 waterpark attendants Adults and children Contamination of waterpark and person-to-person contact C. hominis (genotype Ia)[259 ] Foodborne Queensland (Australia) 8 inhabitants Children Contamination of drinking unpasteurised milk Cryptosporidium spp.[262 ] Community New Zealand 20 farm inhabitants Children Hand contamination by calve contact Cryptosporidium spp.[264 ] Community Tasmania (Australia) 36 participants at the agricultural show Adults Contamination associated with an animal nursery Cryptosporidium spp.[306 ] Community Brazil 224 day care attendants Children Person-to-person contact C. hominis (genotype 1)[307 ] 2001–2000 Waterborne Northern Ireland (UK) 347 Adults Contamination of drinking water C. parvum (bovine genotype; human genotype)[80 ] Waterborne Haiti 93 patients Adults and children Contaminated water and overcrowded conditions of urban slums C. hominis , C. parvum, C. felis [69 ] 2000 Waterborne England and Wales (UK) 58 Adults Contamination of drinking water C. parvum (genotype 2)[308 ] Waterborne England and Wales (UK) 207 Not reported Contamination of drinking water C. hominis and C. parvum alleles[309 ] Waterborne Yorkshire and The Humber (UK) 41 people attending a public pool Adults and children Contamination of pool water C. parvum (subgenotype IIaA17G1R1)[79 , 295 ] Waterborne Majorca (Spain)
250Adults and children Contamination of a hotel pool water Cryptosporidium spp.[81 ] Community Netherlands Not reported Children School children visiting a pet farm Cryptosporidium spp.http://www.cryptosporidium.it/ Foodborne IL (USA) 8 Not reported Contamination of coleslaw in a private home C. parvum http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneoutbreaks/outbreak_data.htm 1999 Waterborne Russia 50 Adults Contamination of drinking water Cryptosporidium spp.[310 ] Waterborne FL (USA) 38 park visitors Adults and children Contamination of a water fountain Cryptosporidium spp.[260 ] 1998 Waterborne Spain 21 Children Contamination of tap water Cryptosporidium spp.[253 ] Foodborne DC (USA) 88 students and employees Young adults and adults Contamination of food by a food handler in a cafeteria Cryptosporidium spp.[311 ]
