Research Article

Situation-Based Survey of Avian Influenza Viruses in Possible “Bridge” Species of Wild and Domestic Birds in Nigeria

Table 1

Category (states, type of bird (wild or domestic) species), number tested, and the confidence interval.

CategoryNumber tested 95% Confidence intervalTested birds (%)*

Overall (All states)40300.007406100
States
Ogun2800.1014666.9
Oyo3500.0820328.7
Borno4300.06729710.7
Yobe2700.1050196.7
Kano6200.0471715.4
Kaduna7500.03915618.6
Plateau8700.03384821.6
Gombe4600.06304911.4

Type of birds (Wild species)

Ethiopian Swallow (Hirundo aethiopica)1200.2209224.3
White Stork (Ciconia ciconia)200.7763930.7
Tawny Eagle (Aquila rapax)100.950.4
Chestnut-bellied Starling (Lamprotornis pulcher)900.2831293.2
Northern Red Bishop (Euplectes orix)1600.170755.8
Buffalo Weavers (Bubalornis albirostris)900.2831293.2
Pin-tailed Whydah (Vidua macroura)200.7763930.7
African Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus)500.450721.8
Village Indigobird (Vidua chalybeata)200.7763930.7
Silverbill Bird (Lonchura malabarica)400.5271291.4
Senegal Parrot (Poicephalus senegalus)1100.2384043.9
Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri)1400.1926365
Four-banded Sandgrouse (Pterocles quadricinctus)600.3930382.1
Red-billed Firefinch (Lagonosticta senegala)4700.0617516.7
Common Bulbul (Pycnonotus barbatus)300.6315971.1
Red-cheeked Cordon-bleu (Uraeginthus bengalus)3800.07580813.5
Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis)400.5271291.4
Black-winged Red Bishop (Euplectes hordeaceus)600.3930382.1
Brown Babbler (Turdoides plebejus)500.450721.8
Vinaceous Dove (Streptopelia vinacea)700.3481642.5
Yellow-fronted Canary (Serinus mozambicus)800.3123442.8
Cut-throat (Amadina fasciata)200.7763930.7
Bronze Mannikin (lonchura cucullata)1100.2384043.9
Tawny-flanked Prenia (Prinia subflava)500.450721.8
Laughing Dove (Streptopelia senegalensis)500.450721.8
Rock Firefinch (Lagonosticta sanguinodorsalis)200.7763930.7
Village Weaver ( 𝑃 𝑙 𝑜 𝑐 𝑒 𝑢 𝑠 cuculltus)3300.08678111.7
Yellow White-eye (Zosterops senegalensis)200.7763930.7
Winding Cisticola ( 𝐶 𝑖 𝑠 𝑡 𝑖 𝑐 𝑜 𝑙 𝑎 galactotes)300.6315971.1
Black-rumped Waxbill (Estrilda troglodytes)300.6315971.1
Grey-headed Sparrow (Passer griseus)400.5271291.4

Total28100.010604100

Domestic and captive species

Domestic Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)4300.06729735.3
Helmeted Guineafowl (Numida meleagris)2600.1088321.3
Black-crowned Crane (Balearica pavonina)200.7763931.6
Spur-winged Goose (Plectropterus gambensis)1100.2384049
Canada Goose (Branta canadensis)1500.18103612.3
Feral Pigeon (Columba livia domestica)1300.20581710.7
Congo Peacock (Afropavo congensis)200.7763931.6
Little button Quail (Turnix sylvatica)700.3481645.7
Purple Swamphen (Porphyrio porphyrio)300.6315972.5

Total12200.024256100

*Number of birds tested expressed as a percentage of the overall for states and percentage of totals for wild and domestic species.