The Epidemiology and Demographics of Hip Dysplasia

Table 5

General demographics of childhood hip dysplasia.

Study	Year	Location	Ethnicity	No. DDH	M	%M	F	%F	B	%Bil.	U	%Unil.	R	%R	L	%L	%RU	%LU
Ang et al. [56]	1997	Singapore	Indo-Malay (mixed)	96	35	37	61	63
Chai and Sivanan- tham [224]	1990	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia	Indo-Malay (mixed)	22	5	23	17	77	3	14	19	86	11	58	8	42
Wada et al. [83]	1993	Tokushima, Japan	Indo-Malay (Japanese)	20	2	10	18	90	4	20	16	80	7	29	17	71	19	81
Kaushal et al. [57]	1976	Chandigarh, India	Indo-Med (Indian)	23	19	83	4	17					9	39	14	61	39	61
Mamouri et al. [65]	2004	Mashhad, Iran	Indo-Med (Iranian)	10	3	30	7	70	6	60	4	40	3	30	1	10	75	25
Pashapour and Golmaham- madlou [66]	2007	Urmia, Iran	Indo-Med (Iranian)	10	2	20	8	80
Abdinejad et al. [34]	1996	Shriz, Iran	Indo-Med (Iranian)	30					15	50	15	50	2	7	13	43	13	87
Mirdad [63]	2002	Aseer, Saudi Arabia	Indo-Med (Saudi)	300	64	21.3	236	78.7	149	49.7	150	50.0	16	5.3	16	5.3	50	50
Kremli et al. [225]	2003	Riyadh, Saudi Arabia	Indo-Med (Saudi)	600	87	14.5	513	85.5	218	36.3	382	73.7	223	37.2	159	26.5	58.4	41.6
Mufti [226]	1988	Riyadh, Saudi Arabia	Indo-Med (Saudi) and others	79	34	44	44	56	36	46	41	54	29	37	12	15	53	37
Dğruel [60]	2008	Ankara, Turkey	Indo-Med (Turkish)	167	83	49.7	84	50.3
Kutlu et al. [59]	1992	Konya, Turkey	Indo-Med (Turkish)	56	16	29	40	71	28	50	28	50	13	23	15	27	46	54
Kraus and Schwartzman [43]	1957	Fort Apache, Arizona	Nat. Am.	107	21	20	86	80	51	48	56	52
Coleman [42]	1968	Fort Defiance AZ, Shiprock NM, Gallup NM	Nat. Am.	77	14	18	63	82	29	38	48	62	81	23	30	49	38	62
Walker [37]	1977	Island Lake, Manitoba	Nat. Am.	420	145	34.5	275	65.5	231	55.0	189	45.0	77	18.3	112	26.7	40.7	53.9
Rabin et al. [40]	1965	Many Farms District, Navajo Indian Reservation	Nat. Am.	31	6	19	25	81	6	19	25	81	15	48	10	32	60	40
MacKenzie et al. [227]	1960	Aberdeen and London, UK	Caucasian	134	20	15	114	85	31	23	103	77
Wilkinson and Carter [228]	1960	London, England	Caucasian	149	17	11.4	132	88.6	42	28	107	28
Noble et al. [114]	1978	Newcastle upon Tyne, England	Caucasian	271	60	22.1	211	77.9	103	38.0	168	62.0	39	14.4	129	47.6	23.2	76.8
Wray and Muddu [229]	1978	Stockport, England	Caucasian	130	48	37	82	63	39	30	91	70	56		113
Heikkilä [105]	1984	Southern Finland	Caucasian	1035	208	20.1	827	79.9	342	33.0	693	67.0	225	21.7	559	54.0	28.7	71.3
Fredens- borg [95]	1976	Malmö, Sweden	Caucasian	548	118	21.5	430	78.5	314	57.3	234	42.7	143	21.6	91	16.6	61.1	38.9
Darmonov [131]	1996	Stara Zagora, Bulgaria	Caucasian	124	24	19.4	100	80.6	31	25.0	93	75.0	27	21.8	61	49.2	30.7	69.3
Tomáš [138]	1989	Bardejov, Slovakia	Caucasian	323	81	25.1	242	74.9
Czéizel et al. [139]	1974	Békéscsaba, Hungary	Caucasian	523	77	14.7	446	85.3
Poul et al. [135]	1992	Brno, Czechoslo- vakia	Caucasian	656	197	30.0	459	70.0	119	18.1	537	81.9	88	13.4	449	68.4	16.4	83.6
Vencálková and Janata [136]	2009	Liberec, Czech	Caucasian	452	63	14.3	390	45.7	113	25.0	339	75.0	131	29.0	208	46.0	38.6	61.4
Di Bella et al. [125]	1997	Sicily, Italy	Caucasian	51	8	16	43	84	3	6	48	94	9	18	39	76	19	81
Padilla-Esteban et al. [122]	1990	Madrid, Spain	Caucasian	1747	607	34.5	1140	65.3	648	37.1	1099	62.9	413	23.6	686	39.3	37.6	62.4
Romero et al. [230]	1989	Chile	Caucasian	97	13	13	84	86	66	68	30	31	15	16	15	16	50	50
Tijmes et al. [149]	1971	Llanquihue, Chile	Caucasian	137	33	24.1	104	75.9
Robinson [231]	1968	New York State	Caucasian	339	68	20.1	271	79.9	70	21.9	249	78.1	81	25.4	168	52.7	32.5	67.5
Hazel and Beals [150]	1989	Portland, Oregon, USA	Caucasian	32	6	19	26	81	4	13	28	87	5	16	23	72	18	82
Hadlow [32]	1988	New Plymouth, New Zealand	Caucasian	172	16	9.3	162	94.2	87	50.6	85	49.4	11	6.4	74	43.0	12.9	87.1
Doig and Shannon [146]	1975	Christchurch, New Zealand	Caucasian	62	14	23	48	77	29	47	33	53	11	18	22	35	33	67
Paterson [67]	1976	South Australia	Caucasian and others	43	10	24	31	76	7	16	36	84	9	21	27	63	25	75
Yiv et al. [143]	1997	South Australia	Caucasian and others	206	48	23.3	158	76.7
Bower et al. [44]	1987	Western Australia	Caucasian and others	437	101	23.1	336	76.9	165	37.8	223	51.0	65	14.9	158	36.2	29.1	70.9
Weighted Averages				9717	2373	24.5	7317	75.5	2989	36.6	5169	63.4	1814	22.2	3229	39.6	36.0	64.0