Short-Term Plant Community Responses to Warming and Defoliation in a Northern Temperate Grassland

Table 2

Summary of ANOVA results (𝐹 and Prob > 𝐹 values) for type III tests of fixed effects of warming, defoliation, and their interaction on plant diversity and biomass in 2006 and 2007. The 𝐹 and Prob > 𝐹 values are highlighted when Prob > 𝐹 is less than 0.05.

Year	Variable	Df	Warming (𝑊)		Defoliation (𝐷)		𝑊∗𝐷 interaction
		(Num, Den)	F-value	Prob > F	F-value	Prob > F	F-value	Prob > F
	Species richness	1, 12	1.36	0.27	0.87	0.37	1.96	0.19
	Species diversity	1, 12	4.68	0.05	13.61	0.003	2.19	0.16
2006	Shoot biomass	1, 12	1.74	0.21	10.82	0.006	0.00	0.97
	Root biomass	1, 12	0.88	0.37	0.27	0.61	0.04	0.84
	Litter biomass	1, 16	1.48	0.24	0.92	0.35	0.06	0.81
	Species richness	1, 12	0.02	0.88	2.78	0.12	0.02	0.88
	Species diversity	1, 12	0.14	0.72	0.42	0.53	0.53	0.48
2007	Shoot biomass	1, 12	0.01	0.91	3.98	0.07	0.26	0.62
	Root biomass	1, 16	0.28	0.60	2.38	0.14	0.33	0.57
	Litter biomass	1, 12	1.17	0.30	11.05	0.006	0.00	0.98