Research Article
Logics of Educational Stratification: A Cross-National Map of Educational Inequality
Table 1
Effects of families’ economic, educational, and migration status on individuals’ educational achievement in Germany.
| | PISA 2003 | PISA 2006 | PISA 2009 | | Science | Reading | Mathematics | Science | Reading | Mathematics | Science | Reading | Mathematics |
| | Home possessions | 32.85*** (1.65) | 31.81*** 1.58) | 30.31*** (1.62) | 19.84*** (1.55) | 23.32*** (1.69) | 23.37*** (1.52) | 26.61*** (1.78) | 24.00*** (1.68) | 24.74*** (1.76) | | Highest parental educational status | 13.87*** (0.92) | 10.74*** (0.87) | 11.20*** (0.90) | 14.91*** (0.86) | 15.07*** (0.95) | 13.42*** (0.85) | 9.20*** (0.94) | 9.30*** (0.89) | 7.87*** (0.93) | | Native | 57.05*** (3.96) | 55.05*** (3.77) | 44.90*** (3.87) | 65.20*** (3.77) | 55.52*** (4.13) | 49.83*** (3.71) | 53.89*** (3.76) | 40.31*** (2.54) | 46.02*** (3.71) | | Female pupils | −12.00*** (2.56) | 35.96*** (2.44) | −14.53*** (2.51) | −4.48† (2.54) | 44.71*** (2.78) | −17.33*** (2.50) | −10.35*** (2.59) | 29.30*** (2.44) | −16.67*** (2.56) | | Constant | 403.5*** (4.39) | 383.5*** (4.19) | 426.4*** (4.30) | 398.4*** (5.01) | 362.1*** (5.49) | 411.7*** (4.94) | 405.31*** (5.14) | 393.86*** (4.85) | 425.87*** (5.09) |
| | adj. | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.24 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.22 | | 4,038 | 4,038 | 4,038 | 4,452 | 4,452 | 4,452 | 4,233 | 4,233 | 4,233 |
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Note: significant effects: † < 0.1, *, **, ***; standard errors in brackets.
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