Tin-Catalyzed Esterification and Transesterification Reactions: A Review

Table 3

Esters yield and selectivity obtained from SnCl₂-catyalyzed esterification with ethyl alcohol^a [8].

Exp.	Fatty acid	CN/DB^b	Ethyl ester conversion	Selectivity
			(%)^c	(%)^c
1	Myristic	14 : 0	90	97
2	Palmitic	16 : 0	86	95
3	Stearic	18 : 0	87	97
4	Oleic	18 : 1	90	95
5	Linoleic	18 : 2	92	93

^aReaction conditions: ethyl alcohol (120 mmol), fatty acid (1 mmol), SnCl₂·2H₂O (0.1 mmol), reflux temperature, and reaction time 12 h.
^bCN and DB refer to the number of carbons and double bonds in the carbonic chain of the FFA, respectively.
^cCalculated from the areas of the ethyl esters GC peaks.