Associations of the Burden of Coal Abandoned Mine Lands with Three Dimensions of Community Context in Pennsylvania
Table 2
Fully adjusted associations between burden of AML variables (reclaimed and unreclaimed) and socioeconomic deprivation and social disorganization.
Socioeconomic deprivation
Social disorganization
Variable
Model 1a
Model 2b
Reclaimed: Model 3c
Reclaimed: Model 4a
Variable
Model 5a
Model 6b
β (s.e.)
β (s.e.)
β (s.e.)
β (s.e.)
β (s.e.)
β (s.e.)
Mine area
Mine area
Q2d
0.120 (0.289)
j
0.552 (0.259)*
−0.494 (0.314)
−0.258 (0.305)
Q2
−0.010 (0.162)
−0.319 (0.145)*
Q3e
0.700 (0.292)*
1.196 (0.262)***
0.395 (0.341)
0.636 (0.324)
Q3
−0.207 (0.164)
−0.501 (0.147)***
Q4f
1.192 (0.304)***
1.708 (0.277)***
—
—
Q4
0.088 (0.171)
−0.251 (0.155)
Priority 2 areas
Priority 2 areas
G2g
−0.835 (0.314)**
−0.139 (0.281)
−0.212 (0.368)
0.308 (0.301)
G2
−0.225 (0.177)
−0.380 (0.157)*
G3h
−0.226 (0.291)
0.380 (0.271)
0.024 (0.341)
0.275 (0.280)
G3
−0.188 (0.164)
−0.374 (0.152)*
G4i
1.075 (0.281)***
1.729 (0.274)***
—
—
G4
−0.022 (0.159)
−0.231 (0.153)
Priority 3 areas
Priority 3 areas
G2
−0.906 (0.330)**
−0.004 (0.281)
0.435 (0.377)
0.627 (0.331)
G2
−0.532 (0.184)**
−0.610 (0.155)***
G3
−0.343 (0.306)
0.456 (0.273)
0.448 (0.356)
0.610 (0.326)
G3
−0.333 (0.170)*
−0.459 (0.151)**
G4
0.064 (0.311)
0.851 (0.279)**
—
—
G4
−0.106 (0.173)
−0.264 (0.154)
AQ features
AQ features
G2
−0.493 (0.342)
0.115 (0.299)
0.621 (0.423)
0.776 (0.371)
G2
−0.389 (0.191)*
−0.480 (0.166)**
G3
−0.010 (0.332)
0.542 (0.298)
0.201 (0.406)
0.362 (0.374)
G3
−0.300 (0.186)
−0.424 (0.166)*
G4
0.722 (0.311)**
1.297 (0.290)***
0.770 (0.391)
0.911 (0.375)*
G4
−0.145 (0.174)
−0.264 (0.161)
PH features
PH features
−0.465 (0.181)*
−0.541 (0.154)***
G2
−0.673 (0.319)*
0.059 (0.275)
0.219 (0.406)
0.604 (0.347)
G2
G3
−0.289 (0.296)
0.387 (0.266)
0.039 (0.386)
0.189 (0.332)
G3
−0.297 (0.167)
−0.453 (0.149)**
G4
1.323 (0.289)***
1.969 (0.276)***
0.926 (0.386)*
0.886 (0.324)**
G4
−0.088 (0.164)
−0.286 (0.155)
TC features
TC features
G2
−0.805 (0.324)*
−0.041 (0.279)
−0.283 (0.395)
0.059 (0.380)
G2
−0.427 (0.182)*
−0.541 (0.155)***
G3
−0.051 (0.305)
0.665 (0.273)*
−0.022 (0.393)
0.256 (0.381)
G3
−0.234 (0.171)
−0.376 (0.152)*
G4
0.627 (0.294)*
1.283 (0.275)***
0.072 (0.377)
0.282 (0.373)
G4
−0.080 (0.165)
−0.269 (0.153)
Clustering
Clustering
G2
—
1.024 (0.285)***
—
—
G2
—
−0.173 (0.159)
G3
0.515 (0.268)
1.317 (0.283)***
—
—
G3
0.152 (0.149)
−0.148 (0.158)
G4
0.004 (0.021)
−0.045 (0.020)*
—
—
G4
0.018 (0.012)
0.029 (0.011)**
Accessibility
0.073 (0.014)***
0.027 (0.005)***
−0.003 (0.027)
0.019 (0.020)
Accessibility
−0.007 (0.008)
−0.017 (0.003)***
Diversity
0.063 (0.035)
0.116 (0.029)***
0.109 (0.069)
0.148 (0.061)*
Diversity
−0.034 (0.019)
−0.051 (0.016)**
Stream density
0.255 (0.095)**
0.137 (0.089)
—
—
Stream density
0.188 (0.153)***
0.121 (0.048)*
n 943 AML communities, n 1283 AML and non-AML communities, n 510 communities with at least one reclaimed mine feature, 2 = second quartile; 3 = third quartile; 4 = highest quartile, 2 = lowest tertile; 3 = middle tertile; 4 = highest tertile, -value < 0.05, -value < 0.01, -value < 0.001, indicates -value < 0.05 for test of linear trend.
